[R] single character in R, and how to manipulate it

[Rui Barradas]

Às 09:25 de 30/03/2023, Jinsong Zhao escreveu:
> Hi there,
> 
> 
> I just noticed that "crt" is a graphical parameter, which is stated as follows in the help page of "par":
> A numerical value specifying (in degrees) how single characters should be rotated. It is unwise to expect values other than multiples of 90 to work...
> 
> 
> However, I did not find any code example to demo the usage of "crt", and even know how to present a *single character* in R. It seems that R treats "A" as a string. If I wanted to rotated it in a plot, I could use "text" function with "srt" argument. But how to use "crt"?
> 
> 
> Another related question, how to mirror a character in R plot? For example, the mirror of "R" is something like "Я".
> 
> 
> Any hint? Thanks in advance.
> 
> 
> Best,
> Jinsong
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> 
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Hello,

You are right, according to this not very old R-Help thread [1] there 
are no user-level functions that use crt. Characters are treated as 
character *strings* and rotated with srt.


txt <- "Rui Barradas"
plot(1, type = "n")
text(1, 1, txt, srt = 180)


As for how to mirror characters, I don't know the answer.

[1] https://stat.ethz.ch/pipermail/r-help/2017-May/446635.html

Hope this helps,

Rui Barradas