[R] extract all numbers from a string

[Gabor Grothendieck]

On Sun, Jun 16, 2013 at 9:00 PM, Nick Matzke <matzke at berkeley.edu> wrote:
> Thanks *VERY* much, this is great!
>
> I realized a few more cases, I think I've got something that covers all the
> possibilities now:
>
>
>
> library(stringr)
> tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  Another one is: 32.1. Here's a number in
> scientific format, 0.3523e10, and another, 0.3523e-10, and a negative,
> -313.1"
>
> patternslist = NULL
> p=0
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+)"                              # positive
> integer
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+)"                             # negative
> integer
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+)"               # positive float
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)"  # positive float, scientific
> w. positive power
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)" # positive float, scientific
> w. negative power
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+)"              # negative float
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)" # negative float, scientific
> w. positive power
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)"# negative float, scientific
> w. negative power
>
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+e\\d+)"                 # positive int,
> scientific w. positive power
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+e-\\d+)"                # positive int,
> scientific w. negative power
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+e\\d+)"                # negative int,
> scientific w. positive power
> patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+e-\\d+)"               # negative int,
> scientific w. negative power
>
> pattern = paste(patternslist, collapse="|", sep="")
> pattern
> as.numeric(str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]])
>
> # A more complex string
> tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  342 342.1   -3234e-10 3234e-1 Another
> one is: 32.1. Here's a number in scientific format, 0.3523e10, and another,
> 0.3523e-10, and a negative, -313.1"
> #pattern =
> "(\\d)+|(-\\d)+|(\\d+\\.\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+)|(\\d+.\\d+e\\d+)|(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)|(-\\d+.\\d+e\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)"
> as.numeric(str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]])

This much simpler single pattern may be good enough:

> library(gsubfn)
> pat <- "[-+.e0-9]*\\d"
> strapplyc(tmpstr, pat)[[1]]
[1] "32"         "342"        "342.1"      "-3234e-10"  "3234e-1"
[6] "32.1"       "0.3523e10"  "0.3523e-10" "-313.1"
> strapply(tmpstr, pat, as.numeric)[[1]]
[1]  3.200e+01  3.420e+02  3.421e+02 -3.234e-07  3.234e+02  3.210e+01  3.523e+09
[8]  3.523e-11 -3.131e+02

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