[R] extract all numbers from a string

Nick Matzke matzke at berkeley.edu
Mon Jun 17 03:00:49 CEST 2013


Thanks *VERY* much, this is great!

I realized a few more cases, I think I've got something that 
covers all the possibilities now:


library(stringr)
tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  Another one is: 32.1. 
Here's a number in scientific format, 0.3523e10, and 
another, 0.3523e-10, and a negative, -313.1"

patternslist = NULL
p=0
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+)"				# positive integer
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+)"				# negative integer
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+)"		# positive float
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)"	# positive 
float, scientific w. positive power
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)" # positive 
float, scientific w. negative power
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+)"		# negative float
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)"	# negative 
float, scientific w. positive power
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)"# negative 
float, scientific w. negative power

patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+e\\d+)"			# positive int, 
scientific w. positive power
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+e-\\d+)" 		# positive int, 
scientific w. negative power
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+e\\d+)"		# negative int, 
scientific w. positive power
patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+e-\\d+)"		# negative int, 
scientific w. negative power

pattern = paste(patternslist, collapse="|", sep="")
pattern
as.numeric(str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]])

# A more complex string
tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  342 342.1   -3234e-10 
3234e-1 Another one is: 32.1. Here's a number in scientific 
format, 0.3523e10, and another, 0.3523e-10, and a negative, 
-313.1"
#pattern = 
"(\\d)+|(-\\d)+|(\\d+\\.\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+)|(\\d+.\\d+e\\d+)|(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)|(-\\d+.\\d+e\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)"
as.numeric(str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]])



Cheers!
Nick


PS: A function version:


# Extract numbers / get numbers / get all numbers from a 
text string
getnums <- function(tmpstr)
	{
	# Example string
	# tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  342 342.1   -3234e-10 
  3234e-1 Another one is: 32.1. Here's a number in 
scientific format, 0.3523e10, and another, 0.3523e-10, and a 
negative, -313.1"
	
	library(stringr)
	
# 	patternslist = NULL
# 	p=0
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+)"				# positive integer
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+)"				# negative integer
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+)"		# positive float
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)"	# positive 
float, scientific w. positive power
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)" # 
positive float, scientific w. negative power
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+)"		# negative float
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)"	# 
negative float, scientific w. positive power
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)"# 
negative float, scientific w. negative power
# 	
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+e\\d+)"			# positive int, 
scientific w. positive power
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(\\d+e-\\d+)" 		# positive 
int, scientific w. negative power
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+e\\d+)"		# negative int, 
scientific w. positive power
# 	patternslist[[(p=p+1)]] = "(-\\d+e-\\d+)"		# negative 
int, scientific w. negative power
# 	
# 	pattern = paste(patternslist, collapse="|", sep="")

	# set up the pattern
	pattern = 
"(\\d+)|(-\\d+)|(\\d+\\.\\d+)|(\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)|(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+e\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)|(\\d+e\\d+)|(\\d+e-\\d+)|(-\\d+e\\d+)|(-\\d+e-\\d+)"
	
	# Get the numbers
	nums_from_tmpstr = 
as.numeric(str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]])

	# Return them
	return(nums_from_tmpstr)
	}












On 6/15/13 10:46 PM, arun wrote:
>
>
> HI,
> One way would be:
>
> library(stringr)
> tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  Another one is: 32.1.
> Here's a number in scientific format, 0.3523e10, and
> another, 0.3523e-10, and a negative, -313.1"
> pattern<- "(\\d)+|(\\d+\\.\\d+)|(-\\d+\\.\\d+)|(\\d+.\\d+e\\d+)|(\\d+\\.\\d+e-\\d+)"
> str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]]
> #[1] "32"         "32.1"       "0.3523e10"  "0.3523e-10" "-313.1"
>   as.numeric(str_extract_all(tmpstr,pattern)[[1]])
> A.K.
>
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Nick Matzke <matzke at berkeley.edu>
> To: R-help at r-project.org
> Cc:
> Sent: Sunday, June 16, 2013 1:06 AM
> Subject: [R] extract all numbers from a string
>
> Hi all,
>
> I have been beating my head against this problem for a bit,
> but I can't figure it out.
>
> I have a series of strings of variable length, and each will
> have one or more numbers, of varying format.  E.g., I might
> have:
>
>
> tmpstr = "The first number is: 32.  Another one is: 32.1.
> Here's a number in scientific format, 0.3523e10, and
> another, 0.3523e-10, and a negative, -313.1"
>
> How could I get R to just give me a list of numerics
> containing the numbers therein?
>
> Thanks very much to the regexp wizards!
>
> Cheers,
> Nick
>
>
>

-- 
====================================================
Nicholas J. Matzke
Ph.D. Candidate, Graduate Student Researcher

Huelsenbeck Lab
Center for Theoretical Evolutionary Genomics
4151 VLSB (Valley Life Sciences Building)
Department of Integrative Biology
University of California, Berkeley

Graduate Student Instructor, IB200B
Principles of Phylogenetics: Ecology and Evolution
http://ib.berkeley.edu/courses/ib200b/
http://phylo.wikidot.com/


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-----------------------------------------------------
"[W]hen people thought the earth was flat, they were wrong. 
When people thought the earth was spherical, they were 
wrong. But if you think that thinking the earth is spherical 
is just as wrong as thinking the earth is flat, then your 
view is wronger than both of them put together."

Isaac Asimov (1989). "The Relativity of Wrong." The 
Skeptical Inquirer, 14(1), 35-44. Fall 1989.
http://chem.tufts.edu/AnswersInScience/RelativityofWrong.htm



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