[R-SIG-Mac] ld: multiple definitions of symbol

[Simon Urbanek]

On Jan 12, 2009, at 7:59 , Hadassa Brunschwig wrote:

> Hi
>
> I am trying to compile multiple .c functions into
> a shared object using R CMD SHLIB (I am using Tiger 10.4.10).
> These functions make use of header files, some of with are in
> the same directory as the .c files and some of them are standard I  
> guess,
> like #include <stdlib.h>.
> When I compile the files using gcc, they compile beautifully. But  
> using the
> following command
>
> R CMD SHLIB -o test.so *.c
>
> I obtain errors of the sort:
>
> ld: multiple definitions of symbol _ivector
> nrutil.o definition of _ivector in section (__TEXT,__text)
> tools.o definition of _ivector in section (__TEXT,__text)
>
> I read somewhere that this is due to multiple compilers but I am not
> sure about that.

No, this is a bug in your code - it's because you have multiple  
definitions of the same symbol (ivector). If you want the two symbols  
to be the same across modules, you must declare it external in one of  
the two files. If you want them separate, declare both static.
(One of the most common mistakes leading to this error is to use  
definitions in header files).

Cheers,
S


>
> I thought that I might have to add a statement for ld which says
> --allow-multiple-definitions
> but don't know where to put that in the R CMD SHLIB command. Or do I
> have to include
> the path to the standard libraries stdlib.h?
>
> Thanks for any comments.
> Hadassa
>
>
> -- 
> Hadassa Brunschwig
> PhD Student
> Department of Statistics
> The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
> http://www.stat.huji.ac.il
>
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