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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=SL link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal>Hi all, <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>i have some problems with universal kriging predictions. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>I would like to create a map using the X and Y as co-predictors. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>Attached is a sample data set (temp.csv) and code (UK.txt) which is used in the predictions. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>The problem is, when i use universal kriging i get really strange results. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>When I use this line for predicting :<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>z.uk<-krige(Globina~I(Y^2)+I(X^2)+I(X)+I(Y), DF, grd, vrmf.u)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>the results are really strange: as you can see the Globina variable is reanging from <span style='color:#1F497D'>1.2 to 40</span> but predictions are from <span style='color:#1F497D'>457.6</span> to <span style='color:#1F497D'>2594.0</span>.<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:SL'>> summary(DF$Globina)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> 1.20 10.00 12.00 12.96 15.00 40.00 <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:SL'>> summary(z.uk$var1.pred)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> 457.6 1206.0 1524.0 1525.0 1843.0 2594.0 <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>When i use thisl line for prediction :<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>z.uk<-krige(Globina~I(Y^2)+I(X^2)+I(X)+I(Y), DF, grd, vrmf.u)<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>the results are still strange, but different. Again Globina is ranging from <span style='color:#1F497D'>1.2 to 40</span> and the predicted values are ranging from <span style='color:#1F497D'>-230.6 </span>to -<span style='color:#1F497D'>207.6</span> !<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:SL'>> summary(DF$Globina)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> 1.20 10.00 12.00 12.96 15.00 40.00 <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:blue;mso-fareast-language:SL'>> summary(z.uk$var1.pred)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> Min. 1st Qu. Median Mean 3rd Qu. Max. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Lucida Console";color:black;mso-fareast-language:SL'> -230.6 -223.0 -221.6 -221.4 -220.0 -207.2 <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>What am I doing wrong?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>thanks for the help, m<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div></body></html>