<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">Hi,</font></pre><pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">This is more of a question for the R-SIG-GENETICS group as it no longer deals with poppr any more, so I'm continuing it here. More knowledgable folk, feel free to correct me.</font></pre><pre class=""><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; white-space: normal;" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="">(1) Could I estimate the relative contribution of variances using SSD? e.g. 40434.10/77188.44=52.38%, It's the contribution of between groups variances?<br class=""></div></div></blockquote><pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">sigma2 represents the variance, so you should use that to estimate relative contribution. The next version of pegas will present the phi values for you. </font></pre><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; white-space: normal;" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span class="" style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">(2) What is the meaning of "</span><span class="" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0); font-family: monospace; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">sigma2" and "a"?<br class=""></span></div></div></blockquote><pre class=""><font face="Helvetica" class="">See above.</font></pre><blockquote type="cite" style="font-family: Helvetica; white-space: normal;" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class=""><span class="" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0); font-family: monospace; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);"><br class=""></span><span class="" style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);">(3) Is P<0.05 conventionally enough to conclude significant difference for molecular data ? My result is 0.048 but I doubt it's power according to field observation. Should I set more strict critiria? 0.01 for example </span></div></div></blockquote></pre><span class="">I personally put very little trust in p-values for deciding on whether or not there is an effect. The choice of 0.05 as the cutoff is well-known to be arbitrary, so I think you should use your judgement of what you know about the natural history of these populations and your sample size to aid your conclusions. <br class=""></span><span class=""><br class=""></span><span class="">Hope that helps,</span><div class=""><span class="">Zhian</span></div><div class=""><span class=""><br class=""></span><span class=""><div class="">-----<br class="">Zhian N. Kamvar, Ph. D.<br class="">Postdoctoral Researcher (Everhart Lab)<br class="">Department of Plant Pathology<br class="">University of Nebraska-Lincoln<br class="">ORCID: 0000-0003-1458-7108<br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><br class=""></div></span>
<div><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Feb 13, 2018, at 23:00 , Yu NING <<a href="mailto:ningyu_sino@qq.com" class="">ningyu_sino@qq.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><div dir="ltr" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">Hi, I have some difficulties in interpreting the result of AMOVA. The results show:<div class=""><div class="prettyprint" style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;"><code class="prettyprint"><div class="subprettyprint"><font color="#666600" class=""><div class="subprettyprint">Bly_amova</div><div class="subprettyprint"><br class=""></div><div class="subprettyprint"><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Analysis of Molecular Variance</div><div class="subprettyprint"><br class=""></div><div class="subprettyprint">Call: pegas::amova(formula = Blygl_dis ~ popslot, data = strata(Bly_gl), </div><div class="subprettyprint"> is.squared = TRUE)</div><div class="subprettyprint"><br class=""></div><div class="subprettyprint"> SSD MSD df</div><div class="subprettyprint">popslot 40434.10 3110.316 13</div><div class="subprettyprint">Error 36754.33 1470.173 25</div><div class="subprettyprint">Total 77188.44 2031.275 38</div><div class="subprettyprint"><br class=""></div><div class="subprettyprint">Variance components:</div><div class="subprettyprint"> sigma2 P.value</div><div class="subprettyprint">popslot 589.75 0.048</div><div class="subprettyprint">Error 1470.17 </div><div class="subprettyprint"><br class=""></div><div class="subprettyprint">Variance coefficients:</div><div class="subprettyprint"> a </div><div class="subprettyprint">2.781065 </div></font></div></code></div><br class="">I wonder:<br class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">(1) Could I estimate the relative contribution of variances using SSD? e.g. 40434.10/77188.44=52.38%, It's the contribution of between groups variances?<br class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><span style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);" class="">(2) What is the meaning of "</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0); font-family: monospace; background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);" class="">sigma2" and "a"?<br class=""><br class=""></span><span style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);" class="">(3) Is P<0.05 conventionally enough to conclude significant difference for molecular data ? My result is 0.048 but I doubt it's power according to field observation. Should I set more strict critiria? 0.01 for example <br class=""></span><br class="">I've tried to searched for pegas tutorial or forum but failed. Any advice here will be highly appreciated. : )</div><div class=""><br class="">在 2018年2月12日星期一 UTC+8下午11:31:06，Zhian Kamvar写道：<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Hello,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I think I know why you were having this problem:</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">1. You didn't have anything defined in your strata [1]. </div><div class="">2. You didn't have a variable called "pop" defined in your workspace</div><div class="">3. Pegas saw a variable called "pop", which was a function, and gave a warning ("<span style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250);" class="">elements in the rhs of the formula are not all factors</span>")</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">However, given your code below, I'm not exactly sure why it works because "popslot" is not the same as "popslot_Kob". This tells me that you may run into problems in the future. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">You can define your strata with a data frame where each row represents a sample and each column is a different population grouping. A simple way to define it for the population:</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">strata(Kob_snpclo) <- data.frame(population = pop(Kob_snpclo))</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">From there, you would use "population" on the right hand side of the formula in AMOVA. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Cheers,</div><div class="">Zhian</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">[1]: If you are unfamiliar with strata, check out the strata tutorial: <a href="https://github.com/thibautjombart/adegenet/wiki/Tutorials" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="">https://github.com/<wbr class="">thibautjombart/adegenet/wiki/<wbr class="">Tutorials</a></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><div class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">-----</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Zhian N. Kamvar, Ph. D.</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Postdoctoral Researcher (Everhart Lab)</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Department of Plant Pathology</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">University of Nebraska-Lincoln</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">ORCID: 0000-0003-1458-7108</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><br class=""></div><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Feb 12, 2018, at 04:47 , Yu NING <<a target="_blank" gdf-obfuscated-mailto="iG6n47KMAgAJ" rel="nofollow" class="">ningy...@</a><a href="http://qq.com/" class="">qq.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Now I have found one way to work it out:<div class=""><div style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><code class=""><div class=""><span class="">popslot_Kob</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class=""><-</span><span class="">pop</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">(</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Kob_snpclo</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">)</span><span class=""><br class=""></span><font class=""><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Blygl_dis</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class=""><-</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>bitwise</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">.</span><span class="">dist</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">(</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Bly_<wbr class="">gl</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">,</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>percent<span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">=</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>FALSE</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">)</span><span class=""><br class=""></span></font><font class=""><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Bly_amova</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class=""><-</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>pegas</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">::</span><span class="">amova</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">(</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Blygl<wbr class="">_dis</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">~</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>popslot</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">,</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>data<span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">=</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>strata</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">(</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class=""><wbr class="">Bly_gl</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">),</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);" class="">is</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">.</span><span class="">squared<span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">=</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>TRUE</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">)</span></font><span class=""><br class=""></span></div></code></div><br class="">Just add one line to extract the pop information. But I still wonder why error showed when I use:</div><div class=""><div style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><code class=""><div class=""><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;" class=""><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Bly_amova</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class=""><-</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>pegas</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">::</span><span class="">amova</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">(</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Blygl<wbr class="">_dis</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">~</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>pop</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">,</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>data<span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">=</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>strata</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">(</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102);" class="">Bly_<wbr class="">gl</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">),</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);" class="">is</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">.</span><span class="">squared<span class=""> </span></span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">=</span><span class=""><span class=""> </span>TRUE</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);" class="">)</span></span></div></code></div><br class="">It's a little wired....<br class=""><br class=""><br class=""><br class="">在 2018年2月11日星期日 UTC+8上午11:26:11，Yu NING写道：<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;"><div dir="ltr" class="">Hello, <div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Thanks for your help. But other problems showed up:</div><div class=""><div style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><code class=""><div class=""><div class="">> Blygl_dis<- bitwise.dist(Bly_gl, percent = FALSE)</div><div class="">> Bly_amova<- pegas::amova(Blygl_dis ~ pop, data = strata(Bly_gl), is.squared = TRUE)</div><div class="">Error in FUN(X[[i]], ...) : 'bin' must be numeric or a factor</div><div class="">In addition: Warning message:</div><div class="">In pegas::amova(Blygl_dis ~ pop, data = strata(Bly_gl), is.squared = TRUE) :</div><div class=""> <span class=""> </span>elements in the rhs of the formula are not all factors</div></div></code></div><br class="">Is there something wrong in my data organization? This is the data info:</div><div class=""><div style="background-color: rgb(250, 250, 250); border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><code class=""><div class=""><font color="#666600" class=""><div class="">> Bly_gl</div><div class=""> /// GENLIGHT OBJECT /////////</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> // 39 genotypes, 7,227 binary SNPs, size: 969.5 Kb</div><div class=""> 11255 (3.99 %) missing data</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> // Basic content</div><div class=""> @gen: list of 39 SNPbin</div><div class=""> @ploidy: ploidy of each individual (range: 2-2)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""> // Optional content</div><div class=""> @ind.names: 39 individual labels</div><div class=""> @loc.names: 7227 locus labels</div><div class=""> @chromosome: factor storing chromosomes of the SNPs</div><div class=""> @position: integer storing positions of the SNPs</div><div class=""> @pop: population of each individual (group size range: 2-3)</div><div class=""> @other: a list containing: elements without names </div></font></div></code></div><br class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><br class=""><br class="">在 2018年1月23日星期二 UTC+8下午11:38:39，Zhian Kamvar写道：<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; border-left-width: 1px; border-left-style: solid; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); padding-left: 1ex;"><div style="word-wrap: break-word; line-break: after-white-space;" class="">Hello,<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="">I have browsed the manual but I couldn't find how to calculate metrics of differentiation in<i class=""> poppr</i> , and <i class="">poppr.amova()</i> is also not applicable for snpclone object. Is there a way to solve it ?</div></div></blockquote></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Unfortunately, calculating AMOVA on genlight objects is not currently possible in poppr [1]. I would recommend to use the pegas implementation like so:</div><div class=""><font face="Noto Mono" class=""><br class=""></font></div><div class=""><font face="Noto Mono" class="">library("pegas")</font></div><div class=""><font face="Noto Mono" class="">myDist <- bitwise.dist(myGenlight, percent = FALSE)</font></div><div class=""><font face="Noto Mono" class="">res <- pegas::amova(myDist ~ pop/subpop, data = strata(myGenlight), is.squared = TRUE)</font></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Replace "myGenlight" with the name of your data and "pop/subpop" with the hierarchy present in your strata slot.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div dir="ltr" class=""><div class="">Moreover, If I want to export my snpclone object which is MLG filtered, how should I code? </div></div></blockquote><br class=""></div><div class="">If you want to export the object for use in another Rscript, I would recommend using saveRDS() to save the object to a file and then readRDS() to read that file in a new session*. If you only need the MLG assignments, then he underlying genetic data does not change when you filter MLGs, so you can export the assignments as a CSV file along with your individual names and population data. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I hope that helps.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Zhian</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">[1]: <a href="https://github.com/grunwaldlab/poppr/issues/72" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="">https://github.com/<wbr class="">grunwaldlab/poppr/issues/72</a>. This is not a simple problem and may still take a bit longer to implement as I am now only working on poppr in my spare time.</div><div class="">* If you defined your MLGs using a matrix, then you must also save that matrix and reload it with the same name.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div class=""><div style="word-wrap: break-word;" class=""><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">-----</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Zhian N. Kamvar, Ph. D.</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Postdoctoral Researcher (Everhart Lab)</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">Department of Plant Pathology</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">University of Nebraska-Lincoln</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">ORCID: 0000-0003-1458-7108</div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class=""><br class=""></div><br class=""></div><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Jan 23, 2018, at 08:51 , Yu NING <<a rel="nofollow" class="">ningy...@</a><a href="http://qq.com/" class="">qq.com</a>> wrote:</div><br class=""><div class=""><div dir="ltr" class="">Hi~<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I have browsed the manual but I couldn't find how to calculate metrics of differentiation in<i class=""><span class=""> </span>poppr</i> , and<span class=""> </span><i class="">poppr.amova()</i><span class=""> </span>is also not applicable for snpclone object. Is there a way to solve it ? Moreover, If I want to export my snpclone object which is MLG filtered, how should I code? Thanks very much<br class=""><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div></div></div><div class=""><br class=""></div>--<span class=""> </span><br class="">You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "poppr" group.<br class="">To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to<span class=""> </span><a rel="nofollow" class="">poppr+un...@</a><a href="http://googlegroups.com/" class="">googlegroups.</a><wbr class=""><a href="http://googlegroups.com/" class="">com</a>.<br class="">To post to this group, send email to<span class=""> </span><a rel="nofollow" class="">po...@</a><a href="http://googlegroups.com/" class="">googlegroups.com</a>.<br class="">To view this discussion on the web visit<span class=""> </span><a href="https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/poppr/56affc46-45a0-49ab-9511-f38f29b908f3%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="">https://groups.google.<wbr class="">com/d/msgid/poppr/56affc46-<wbr class="">45a0-49ab-9511-f38f29b908f3%<wbr class="">40googlegroups.com</a>.<br class="">For more options, visit<span class=""> </span><a href="https://groups.google.com/d/optout" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="">https://groups.google.<wbr class="">com/d/optout</a>.<br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></div></blockquote></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; 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text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">po...@</a><a href="http://googlegroups.com/" class="">googlegroups.com</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">To view this discussion on the web visit<span class=""> </span></span><a href="https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/poppr/135db219-5a16-45ed-b32f-487adf73ed41%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">https://groups.google.<wbr class="">com/d/msgid/poppr/135db219-<wbr class="">5a16-45ed-b32f-487adf73ed41%<wbr class="">40googlegroups.com</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">For more options, visit<span class=""> </span></span><a href="https://groups.google.com/d/optout" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;" class="">https://groups.google.<wbr class="">com/d/optout</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></div></blockquote></div></div><div style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">--<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "poppr" group.</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="mailto:poppr+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">poppr+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">To post to this group, send email to<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="mailto:poppr@googlegroups.com" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">poppr@googlegroups.com</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">To view this discussion on the web visit<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/poppr/0d0f8a6f-807f-47c2-ab72-ef43457da330%40googlegroups.com?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/poppr/0d0f8a6f-807f-47c2-ab72-ef43457da330%40googlegroups.com</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span><br style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">For more options, visit<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><a href="https://groups.google.com/d/optout" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class="">https://groups.google.com/d/optout</a><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important;" class="">.</span></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>