
Here's an example of relevel used to relevel and combine groups....
 
InsectSprays2<-InsectSprays
levels(InsectSprays2$spray)
levels(InsectSprays2$spray)<-list(new1=c("A","C"),YEPS=c("B","D","E"),LASTLY="F")
levels(InsectSprays2$spray)
InsectSprays2

So for you try...
levels (Data1$Site) <- list(Fw =c( "AB"), Est = c("DE"))
 

> From: deelman@hotmail.com
> To: r-help@r-project.org
> Date: Sun, 14 Aug 2011 12:56:25 -0300
> Subject: [R] Renaming levels of a factor in a dataframe
> 
> 
> 
> Dear Helplist:
> 
> 
> 
> I am trying, unsuccessfully, to rename levels of a factor in a dataframe. The dataframe consists of two factor variables and one numeric variable as follows:
> 
> Factor Site has 2 levels AB and DE, factor Fish has 30 levels, 15 associated with each Site e.g. 1-1, 1-2,.....2-1, 2-2.... I am trying to rename the levels of factor Site from AB to Fw and DE to Est while keeping them as factors. The following 2 approaches do not work, each giving a NULL response and creating a character string. 
> 
> 
> 
> levels (Data1$Site <- c("Fw", "Est")) This simply gives an alternating list of Fw, Est, Fw, Est... not the desired 15 concurrent rows of Fw followed by 15 of Est.
> 
> 
> 
> #levels (Data1$Site <- list(Fw = "AB", Est = "DE")) This gives the same result. I have tried other approaches to no avail. It seems a simple problem but has not been so. 
> 
> 
> 
> Any suggestions for solving this problem would be much appreciated.
> 
> 
> 
> Regards,
> 
> BJ 
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