thanks.
how to remove the combinations that has same ingredients:
v<-c("a","b","c")
v.v becomes ab, ac, bc (aa,bb,cc are removed)
v.v.v becomes abc (aaa,aab,... are removed, because they have same ingredients)
 
that is. 
the following sentences can be used.
 
for(i in 1:3){
    for (j in i+1:3){
        v.v<-c(v.v,paste(v[i],v[j]))
    }
}

 
is there simpler way to do?
thanks
Yu

--- On Sun, 8/31/08, Lucien Lemmens <lucien.lemmens@ua.ac.be> wrote:

From: Lucien Lemmens <lucien.lemmens@ua.ac.be>
Subject: Re: [R] give all combinations
To: r-help@stat.math.ethz.ch
Date: Sunday, August 31, 2008, 8:38 AM

Yuan Jian <jayuan2008 <at> yahoo.com> writes:

> 
> Hello,
>  
> is there a simple way to give all combinations for a given vector:
>  
> v<-c("a","b","c")
>  
> combination(v,v) becomes
>
"aa","ab","ac","bb","bc","cc'
>  
> combination(v,v,v) becomes
> "aaa","aab","aac","abb",......
>  
vv<-c(outer(v,v,paste))
 vv
[1] "a a" "b a" "c a" "a b" "b
b" "c b" "a c" "b c" "c c"
vvv<-c(outer(vv,v,paste)
 vvv
 [1] "a a a" "b a a" "c a a" "a b a"
"b b a" "c b a" "a c a" "b c a" 
"c c a" "a a b" "b a b" "c a b" "a
b b" "b b b" 
"c b b"
[16] "a c b" "b c b" "c c b" "a a c"
"b a c" "c a c" 
"a b c" "b b c" "c b c" "a c c" "b
c c" "c c c"

>  
> 
>       
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> 
> 
> 
> ______________________________________________
> R-help <at> r-project.org mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>

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