[R] Does the function "c" have a character limit?
@vi@e@gross m@iii@g oii gm@ii@com
@vi@e@gross m@iii@g oii gm@ii@com
Wed Jul 13 23:21:02 CEST 2022
To be clear, Everything has limits beyond which it is not expected to have to deal with. Buffers often pick a fixed size and often need complex code to keep grabbing a bigger size and copy and add more, or arrange various methods to link multiple memory areas into a growing whole, such as having an object with a list of smaller parts that are concatenated only when requested.
Many languages likely have similar constraints and one method hackers have used is to arrange to overflow such buffers carefully.
Have you verified if the normal stand-alone R interpreter accepts a longer one-liner and the cause may in RSTUDIO or whatever else you are using?
I will say the current design is flawed in that it does NOT give you an error, but since only some of the line is passed to the functionality then it is waiting for something that closes up the command such as a close parenthesis, or if it stops in middle of a string, also a close quote.
So, as we have said, just don't do that, albeit it is not necessarily easy to avoid when you have no idea the length of your data will be so high.
-----Original Message-----
From: R-help <r-help-bounces using r-project.org> On Behalf Of core_contingency
Sent: Wednesday, July 13, 2022 11:50 AM
To: r-help using r-project.org
Subject: Re: [R] Does the function "c" have a character limit?
Thank you everyone for the help. It is interesting that R sets a character limit on each line, but I am glad the solution is simple.
core_contingency
On 7/13/22 07:42, Rui Barradas wrote:
> Hello,
>
> The original command has spaces in it. If they are removed its total
> length goes down to 3649 bytes (or characters, in this case it's the
> same). With this length the command is expected to work without
> further worries. And it does, I have just tried it.
>
>
> MES=c("A2M","ABRACL","ACADVL","ACAP2","ACTA2","ACTN1","ADAM19","ADAM9"
> ,"ADAMTS5","ADGRE5","ADGRG6","AEBP1","AJUBA","ALDH1A3","AMMECR1","ANTX
> R1","ANXA1","ANXA2","ANXA5","ANXA6","APOE","APP","ARHGAP1","ARHGEF40",
> "ARL1","ARL4A","ARMCX2","ARPC1B","ASPH","ATP10D","ATP1B1","ATP2B1","AT
> P2B4","ATP6V0E1","ATP8B2","ATXN1","B2M","BAG3","BGN","BMP5","BNC2","BO
> C","BTN3A2","C1orf198","C1orf54","C4orf32","C6orf120","CALD1","CALU","
> CAPN2","CAPN6","CBFB","CBLB","CCDC80","CD164","CD44","CD59","CD63","CD
> H11","CETN2","CFH","CFI","CILP","CKAP4","CLIC4","CMTM3","CMTM6","CNN3"
> ,"COL11A1","COL12A1","COL1A1","COL27A1","COL3A1","COL4A1","COL4A2","CO
> L5A1","COL5A2","COL6A1","COL6A2","COL6A3","COPA","CPED1","CPS1","CRABP
> 2","CREB3L2","CREG1","CRELD2","CRISPLD1","CRTAP","CSRP1","CTDSP2","CTN
> NA1","CTSB","CTSC","CTSO","CXCL12","CYBRD1","CYFIP1","CYP26A1","CYR61"
> ,"DCAF6","DDOST","DDR2","DESI2","DKK3","DLC1","DLX1","DLX2","DMD","DNA
> JC1","DNAJC10","DNAJC3","DNM3OS","DPY19L1","DSE","DUSP14","DUSP5","DUS
> P6","EDEM1","EDNRA","EFEMP2","EGFR","EGR1","EGR3","EHD2","ELAVL1","ELF
> 1","ELK3","ELK4","EMILIN1","EMP1","ENAH","EPHA3","EPS8","ERBIN","ERLIN
> 1","ERRFI1","ETS1","EVA1A","EXT1","EXTL2","F2R","F2RL2","FAM102B","FAM
> 114A1","FAM120A","FAM129A","FAM3C","FAM43A","FAM46A","FAT1","FBN1","FB
> N2","FGFR1","FIBIN","FILIP1L","FKBP14","FLNA","FLRT2","FMOD","FN1","FN
> DC3B","FSTL1","FUCA2","FZD1","FZD2","FZD7","GABRR1","GALNT10","GAS1","
> GAS2","GDF15","GJA1","GNAI1","GNG12","GNS","GORAB","GPC6","GPR137B","G
> PX8","GRN","GSN","HES1","HEXB","HIBADH","HIPK3","HIST1H2AC","HIST1H2BK
> ","HLA-A","HLA-B","HLA-C","HLA-F","HLX","HNMT","HOMER1","HS3ST3A1","HS
> P90B1","HSPA5","HSPB1","HTRA1","HYOU1","ID1","ID3","IFI16","IFITM2","I
> FITM3","IGF2R","IGFBP5","IGFBP6","IL13RA1","IL6ST","INSIG1","IQGAP2","
> ITGA10","ITGA4","ITGAV","ITGB1","ITM2B","ITM2C","ITPR1","ITPRIPL2","JA
> K1","JAM3","KANK2","KCNK2","KCTD12","KDELC2","KDELR2","KDELR3","KDM5B"
> ,"KIAA1462","KIF13A","KIRREL","KLF10","KLF4","KLF6","L3HYPDH","LAMB1",
> "LAMC1","LAMP1","LAPTM4A","LASP1","LATS2","LEPROT","LGALS1","LHFP","LH
> X8","LIFR","LIPA","LITAF","LIX1L","LMAN1","LMNA","LOXL2","LPP","LRP10"
> ,"LRRC17","LRRC8C","LTBP1","LUZP1","MAGT1","MAML2","MAN2A1","MANF","MB
> D2","MBNL1","MBTPS1","MEOX1","MEOX2","MEST","MGAT2","MGP","MGST1","MIC
> AL2","MMP2","MOB1A","MRC2","MXRA5","MYADM","MYDGF","MYL12A","MYL12B","
> MYLIP","NANS","NBR1","NEK7","NES","NFIA","NFIC","NID1","NID2","NOTCH2"
> ,"NOTCH2NL","NPC2","NPTN","NQO1","NR3C1","NRP1","OGFRL1","OLFML2A","OL
> FML2B","OLFML3","OSTC","P4HA1","PALLD","PAPSS2","PCDH18","PCOLCE2","PC
> SK5","PDE3A","PDE7B","PDGFC","PDIA3","PDIA4","PDIA6","PDLIM1","PEA15",
> "PEAK1","PHLDA3","PHLDB2","PHTF2","PIAS3","PLAGL1","PLEKHA2","PLEKHH2"
> ,"PLK2","PLOD2","PLOD3","PLPP1","PLS3","PLSCR1","PLSCR4","PLXDC2","POL
> R2L","PON2","POSTN","PPIB","PPIC","PPT1","PRCP","PRDM6","PRDX4","PRDX6
> ","PROM1","PRRX1","PTBP1","PTGER4","PTGFRN","PTN","PTPN14","PTPRG","PT
> PRK","PTRF","PXDC1","PXDN","PYGL","QKI","QSOX1","RAB13","RAB29","RAB31
> ","RAP1A","RAP1B","RBMS1","RCN1","RECK","REST","RGL1","RGS10","RGS3","
> RHOC","RHOJ","RIN2","RIT1","RNFT1","RNH1","ROBO1","ROR1","RRBP1","S1PR
> 3","SASH1","SCPEP1","SCRG1","SDC2","SDC4","SDCBP","SDF4","SEC14L1","SE
> L1L3","SEMA3C","SEMA3F","SEPT10","SERPINE2","SERPINH1","SFT2D1","SFT2D
> 2","SGK1","SH3BGRL","SHC1","SHROOM3","SIX1","SIX4","SKIL","SLC16A4","S
> LC30A1","SLC30A7","SLC35F5","SLC38A2","SLC38A6","SLC39A14","SMAD3","SN
> AI2","SNAP23","SOSTDC1","SOX9","SPARC","SPARCL1","SPATA20","SPCS3","SP
> RED1","SPRY1","SPRY4","SPRY4-IT1","SQSTM1","SRPX","SSBP4","SSR1","SSR3
> ","STAT1","STAT3","STEAP1","STK38L","SUCLG2","SURF4","SVIL","SYDE1","S
> YNJ2","SYPL1","TCF7L2","TFE3","TFPI","TGFB1I1","TGFBR2","THBS1","TIMP1
> ","TJP1")
>
>
>
> Hope this helps,
>
> Rui Barradas
>
> Às 14:50 de 13/07/2022, Richard O'Keefe escreveu:
>> Breaking up the *line* doesn't mean breaking up the *command*.
>> For example,
>> x <- c(
>> "FOOBAR", # 1
>> ...
>> "FOOBAR", # 4999
>> "UGGLE")
>> works fine, with source(..), with "R -f ...", and other ways.
>> Each *line* is short, but it's still one *command*.
>>
>> I'd probably put that much data in a file, myself, but R doesn't
>> mind.
>>
>>
>> On Thu, 14 Jul 2022 at 01:21, Ebert,Timothy Aaron <tebert using ufl.edu
>> <mailto:tebert using ufl.edu>> wrote:
>>
>> The limits to the size of vectors, matrices, data frames, lists,
>> or
>> other data structure does not have a simple answer.
>> 1) 2^31 - 1 is the maximum number of rows.
>> https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5233769/practical-limits-of-r-dat
>> a-frame#:~:text=The%20number%20is%202%5E31,start%20collecting%20sever
>> al%20of%20them
>> <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5233769/practical-limits-of-r-data-frame#:~:text=The%20number%20is%202%5E31,start%20collecting%20several%20of%20them>.
>> 2) help(Memory) suggests that the default limit for all variables
>> is
>> 6 Mb. The help page tells you how to change this.
>> Neither of these two factors have any bearing on this problem
>> except
>> that your vector is not close to these limits.
>>
>> I got the same result you did when I entered your vector into my
>> system (R 4.2 in RStudio, on 64 bit Windows). I shortened it by
>> removing the first entry and it works.
>>
>> I can copy the entire line into Microsoft Word, and count the
>> number
>> of characters (including spaces) and I get 4089. There were seven
>> characters in the first entry including the comma and space. If I
>> add seven spaces between MES and the equal sign I get the
>> original
>> outcome. So the limit is on the number of characters in the line.
>> You can get more entries by shortening each entry, or fewer if
>> each
>> entry was longer.
>>
>> As others have suggested, I would break the line into two pieces
>> and
>> then combine the pieces.
>>
>> Tim
>>
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: R-help <r-help-bounces using r-project.org
>> <mailto:r-help-bounces using r-project.org>> On Behalf Of Rui Barradas
>> Sent: Wednesday, July 13, 2022 6:36 AM
>> To: core_contingency <ccontingency using gmail.com
>> <mailto:ccontingency using gmail.com>>; r-help using r-project.org
>> <mailto:r-help using r-project.org>
>> Subject: Re: [R] Does the function "c" have a character limit?
>>
>> [External Email]
>>
>> Hello,
>>
>> This is documented behavior.
>> From R-intro, last line of section 1.8 [1].
>>
>>
>> Command lines entered at the console are limited4 to about 4095
>> bytes (not characters).
>>
>>
>> The number 4 in limited4 is a footnote link:
>>
>>
>> some of the consoles will not allow you to enter more, and
>> amongst
>> those which do some will silently discard the excess and some
>> will
>> use it as the start of the next line.
>>
>>
>>
>> Prof. Ripley called the r-devel mailing list's attention to this
>> in
>> August 2006 when the limit was 1024 [2], it was then increased to
>> the current 4095. I remember seeing a limit of 2048 (?) but
>> couldn't
>> find where.
>>
>>
>> Try creating a file with your command as only content, then run
>>
>>
>> x <- readLines("rhelp.txt")
>> nchar(x)
>> # [1] 4096
>>
>>
>> You are above the limit by 1 byte.
>> Standard solutions are to break the command line, in your case
>> into
>> at least 2 lines, or to source the command from file, like David
>> proposed.
>>
>>
>> [1]
>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__cran.r-2Dproject
>> .org_doc_manuals_R-2Dintro.html-23R-2Dcommands-5F003b-2Dcase-2Dsensit
>> ivity-2Detc&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeAsRzsn7AkP-
>> g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0CD2XzMc9x&
>> s=g5cbrpfyHaIN9sXycd_-f2iDsOcbuzLe2u3KjvQNm-0&e=
>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__cran.r-2Dprojec
>> t.org_doc_manuals_R-2Dintro.html-23R-2Dcommands-5F003b-2Dcase-2Dsensi
>> tivity-2Detc&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeAsRzsn7AkP
>> -g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0CD2XzMc9x
>> &s=g5cbrpfyHaIN9sXycd_-f2iDsOcbuzLe2u3KjvQNm-0&e=>
>> [2]
>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_pip
>> ermail_r-2Ddevel_2006-2DAugust_038985.html&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3E
>> PkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v
>> 91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0CD2XzMc9x&s=B1YSca31vHlpy9WJG8o0MBTh7bX4v7M61eWf
>> Q4tmdog&e=
>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_pi
>> permail_r-2Ddevel_2006-2DAugust_038985.html&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3
>> EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0
>> v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0CD2XzMc9x&s=B1YSca31vHlpy9WJG8o0MBTh7bX4v7M61eW
>> fQ4tmdog&e=>
>>
>>
>> Hope this helps,
>>
>> Rui Barradas
>>
>>
>> Às 00:36 de 13/07/2022, core_contingency escreveu:
>> > To Whom it May Concern,
>> >
>> > I am creating a vector with the base R function "c", with many
>> > arguments as shown below:
>> >
>> > $ R
>> > > MES = c("A2M", "ABRACL", "ACADVL", "ACAP2", "ACTA2",
>> "ACTN1",
>> > "ADAM19", "ADAM9", "ADAMTS5", "ADGRE5", "ADGRG6", "AEBP1",
>> "AJUBA",
>> > "ALDH1A3", "AMMECR1", "ANTXR1", "ANXA1", "ANXA2", "ANXA5",
>> "ANXA6",
>> > "APOE", "APP", "ARHGAP1", "ARHGEF40", "ARL1", "ARL4A",
>> "ARMCX2",
>> > "ARPC1B", "ASPH", "ATP10D", "ATP1B1", "ATP2B1", "ATP2B4",
>> "ATP6V0E1",
>> > "ATP8B2", "ATXN1", "B2M", "BAG3", "BGN", "BMP5", "BNC2",
>> "BOC",
>> > "BTN3A2", "C1orf198", "C1orf54", "C4orf32", "C6orf120",
>> "CALD1",
>> > "CALU", "CAPN2", "CAPN6", "CBFB", "CBLB", "CCDC80", "CD164",
>> "CD44",
>> > "CD59", "CD63", "CDH11", "CETN2", "CFH", "CFI", "CILP",
>> "CKAP4",
>> > "CLIC4", "CMTM3", "CMTM6", "CNN3", "COL11A1", "COL12A1",
>> "COL1A1",
>> > "COL27A1", "COL3A1", "COL4A1", "COL4A2", "COL5A1", "COL5A2",
>> "COL6A1",
>> > "COL6A2", "COL6A3", "COPA", "CPED1", "CPS1", "CRABP2",
>> "CREB3L2",
>> > "CREG1", "CRELD2", "CRISPLD1", "CRTAP", "CSRP1", "CTDSP2",
>> "CTNNA1",
>> > "CTSB", "CTSC", "CTSO", "CXCL12", "CYBRD1", "CYFIP1",
>> "CYP26A1",
>> > "CYR61", "DCAF6", "DDOST", "DDR2", "DESI2", "DKK3", "DLC1",
>> "DLX1",
>> > "DLX2", "DMD", "DNAJC1", "DNAJC10", "DNAJC3", "DNM3OS",
>> "DPY19L1",
>> > "DSE", "DUSP14", "DUSP5", "DUSP6", "EDEM1", "EDNRA", "EFEMP2",
>> "EGFR",
>> > "EGR1", "EGR3", "EHD2", "ELAVL1", "ELF1", "ELK3", "ELK4",
>> "EMILIN1",
>> > "EMP1", "ENAH", "EPHA3", "EPS8", "ERBIN", "ERLIN1", "ERRFI1",
>> "ETS1",
>> > "EVA1A", "EXT1", "EXTL2", "F2R", "F2RL2", "FAM102B",
>> "FAM114A1",
>> > "FAM120A", "FAM129A", "FAM3C", "FAM43A", "FAM46A", "FAT1",
>> "FBN1",
>> > "FBN2", "FGFR1", "FIBIN", "FILIP1L", "FKBP14", "FLNA",
>> "FLRT2",
>> > "FMOD", "FN1", "FNDC3B", "FSTL1", "FUCA2", "FZD1", "FZD2",
>> "FZD7",
>> > "GABRR1", "GALNT10", "GAS1", "GAS2", "GDF15", "GJA1", "GNAI1",
>> > "GNG12", "GNS", "GORAB", "GPC6", "GPR137B", "GPX8", "GRN",
>> "GSN",
>> > "HES1", "HEXB", "HIBADH", "HIPK3", "HIST1H2AC", "HIST1H2BK",
>> "HLA-A",
>> > "HLA-B", "HLA-C", "HLA-F", "HLX", "HNMT", "HOMER1",
>> "HS3ST3A1",
>> > "HSP90B1", "HSPA5", "HSPB1", "HTRA1", "HYOU1", "ID1", "ID3",
>> "IFI16",
>> > "IFITM2", "IFITM3", "IGF2R", "IGFBP5", "IGFBP6", "IL13RA1",
>> "IL6ST",
>> > "INSIG1", "IQGAP2", "ITGA10", "ITGA4", "ITGAV", "ITGB1",
>> "ITM2B",
>> > "ITM2C", "ITPR1", "ITPRIPL2", "JAK1", "JAM3", "KANK2",
>> "KCNK2",
>> > "KCTD12", "KDELC2", "KDELR2", "KDELR3", "KDM5B", "KIAA1462",
>> "KIF13A",
>> > "KIRREL", "KLF10", "KLF4", "KLF6", "L3HYPDH", "LAMB1",
>> "LAMC1",
>> > "LAMP1", "LAPTM4A", "LASP1", "LATS2", "LEPROT", "LGALS1",
>> "LHFP",
>> > "LHX8", "LIFR", "LIPA", "LITAF", "LIX1L", "LMAN1", "LMNA",
>> "LOXL2",
>> > "LPP", "LRP10", "LRRC17", "LRRC8C", "LTBP1", "LUZP1", "MAGT1",
>> > "MAML2", "MAN2A1", "MANF", "MBD2", "MBNL1", "MBTPS1", "MEOX1",
>> > "MEOX2", "MEST", "MGAT2", "MGP", "MGST1", "MICAL2", "MMP2",
>> "MOB1A",
>> > "MRC2", "MXRA5", "MYADM", "MYDGF", "MYL12A", "MYL12B",
>> "MYLIP",
>> > "NANS", "NBR1", "NEK7", "NES", "NFIA", "NFIC", "NID1", "NID2",
>> > "NOTCH2", "NOTCH2NL", "NPC2", "NPTN", "NQO1", "NR3C1", "NRP1",
>> > "OGFRL1", "OLFML2A", "OLFML2B", "OLFML3", "OSTC", "P4HA1",
>> "PALLD",
>> > "PAPSS2", "PCDH18", "PCOLCE2", "PCSK5", "PDE3A", "PDE7B",
>> "PDGFC",
>> > "PDIA3", "PDIA4", "PDIA6", "PDLIM1", "PEA15", "PEAK1",
>> "PHLDA3",
>> > "PHLDB2", "PHTF2", "PIAS3", "PLAGL1", "PLEKHA2", "PLEKHH2",
>> "PLK2",
>> > "PLOD2", "PLOD3", "PLPP1", "PLS3", "PLSCR1", "PLSCR4",
>> "PLXDC2",
>> > "POLR2L", "PON2", "POSTN", "PPIB", "PPIC", "PPT1", "PRCP",
>> "PRDM6",
>> > "PRDX4", "PRDX6", "PROM1", "PRRX1", "PTBP1", "PTGER4",
>> "PTGFRN",
>> > "PTN", "PTPN14", "PTPRG", "PTPRK", "PTRF", "PXDC1", "PXDN",
>> "PYGL",
>> > "QKI", "QSOX1", "RAB13", "RAB29", "RAB31", "RAP1A", "RAP1B",
>> "RBMS1",
>> > "RCN1", "RECK", "REST", "RGL1", "RGS10", "RGS3", "RHOC",
>> "RHOJ",
>> > "RIN2", "RIT1", "RNFT1", "RNH1", "ROBO1", "ROR1", "RRBP1",
>> "S1PR3",
>> > "SASH1", "SCPEP1", "SCRG1", "SDC2", "SDC4", "SDCBP", "SDF4",
>> > "SEC14L1", "SEL1L3", "SEMA3C", "SEMA3F", "SEPT10", "SERPINE2",
>> > "SERPINH1", "SFT2D1", "SFT2D2", "SGK1", "SH3BGRL", "SHC1",
>> "SHROOM3",
>> > "SIX1", "SIX4", "SKIL", "SLC16A4", "SLC30A1", "SLC30A7",
>> "SLC35F5",
>> > "SLC38A2", "SLC38A6", "SLC39A14", "SMAD3", "SNAI2", "SNAP23",
>> > "SOSTDC1", "SOX9", "SPARC", "SPARCL1", "SPATA20", "SPCS3",
>> "SPRED1",
>> > "SPRY1", "SPRY4", "SPRY4-IT1", "SQSTM1", "SRPX", "SSBP4",
>> "SSR1",
>> > "SSR3", "STAT1", "STAT3", "STEAP1", "STK38L", "SUCLG2",
>> "SURF4",
>> "SVIL", "SYDE1", "SYNJ2", "SYPL1", "TCF7L2", "TFE3", "TFPI",
>> "TGFB1I1", "TGFBR2", "THBS1", "TIMP1", "TJP1")
>> > +
>> >
>> > For some reason, the R console does not display a ">" symbol,
>> > indicating that it has completed the function, but displays a "+"
>> > symbol instead, which indicates that the function is still
>> waiting for more input.
>> > However, I believe that my syntax is correct. If I shorten my
>> command
>> > by a few characters by removing the last entry, "TJP1":
>> >
>> > $ R
>> > > MES = c("A2M", "ABRACL", "ACADVL", "ACAP2", "ACTA2",
>> "ACTN1",
>> > "ADAM19", "ADAM9", "ADAMTS5", "ADGRE5", "ADGRG6", "AEBP1",
>> "AJUBA",
>> > "ALDH1A3", "AMMECR1", "ANTXR1", "ANXA1", "ANXA2", "ANXA5",
>> "ANXA6",
>> > "APOE", "APP", "ARHGAP1", "ARHGEF40", "ARL1", "ARL4A",
>> "ARMCX2",
>> > "ARPC1B", "ASPH", "ATP10D", "ATP1B1", "ATP2B1", "ATP2B4",
>> "ATP6V0E1",
>> > "ATP8B2", "ATXN1", "B2M", "BAG3", "BGN", "BMP5", "BNC2",
>> "BOC",
>> > "BTN3A2", "C1orf198", "C1orf54", "C4orf32", "C6orf120",
>> "CALD1",
>> > "CALU", "CAPN2", "CAPN6", "CBFB", "CBLB", "CCDC80", "CD164",
>> "CD44",
>> > "CD59", "CD63", "CDH11", "CETN2", "CFH", "CFI", "CILP",
>> "CKAP4",
>> > "CLIC4", "CMTM3", "CMTM6", "CNN3", "COL11A1", "COL12A1",
>> "COL1A1",
>> > "COL27A1", "COL3A1", "COL4A1", "COL4A2", "COL5A1", "COL5A2",
>> "COL6A1",
>> > "COL6A2", "COL6A3", "COPA", "CPED1", "CPS1", "CRABP2",
>> "CREB3L2",
>> > "CREG1", "CRELD2", "CRISPLD1", "CRTAP", "CSRP1", "CTDSP2",
>> "CTNNA1",
>> > "CTSB", "CTSC", "CTSO", "CXCL12", "CYBRD1", "CYFIP1",
>> "CYP26A1",
>> > "CYR61", "DCAF6", "DDOST", "DDR2", "DESI2", "DKK3", "DLC1",
>> "DLX1",
>> > "DLX2", "DMD", "DNAJC1", "DNAJC10", "DNAJC3", "DNM3OS",
>> "DPY19L1",
>> > "DSE", "DUSP14", "DUSP5", "DUSP6", "EDEM1", "EDNRA", "EFEMP2",
>> "EGFR",
>> > "EGR1", "EGR3", "EHD2", "ELAVL1", "ELF1", "ELK3", "ELK4",
>> "EMILIN1",
>> > "EMP1", "ENAH", "EPHA3", "EPS8", "ERBIN", "ERLIN1", "ERRFI1",
>> "ETS1",
>> > "EVA1A", "EXT1", "EXTL2", "F2R", "F2RL2", "FAM102B",
>> "FAM114A1",
>> > "FAM120A", "FAM129A", "FAM3C", "FAM43A", "FAM46A", "FAT1",
>> "FBN1",
>> > "FBN2", "FGFR1", "FIBIN", "FILIP1L", "FKBP14", "FLNA",
>> "FLRT2",
>> > "FMOD", "FN1", "FNDC3B", "FSTL1", "FUCA2", "FZD1", "FZD2",
>> "FZD7",
>> > "GABRR1", "GALNT10", "GAS1", "GAS2", "GDF15", "GJA1", "GNAI1",
>> > "GNG12", "GNS", "GORAB", "GPC6", "GPR137B", "GPX8", "GRN",
>> "GSN",
>> > "HES1", "HEXB", "HIBADH", "HIPK3", "HIST1H2AC", "HIST1H2BK",
>> "HLA-A",
>> > "HLA-B", "HLA-C", "HLA-F", "HLX", "HNMT", "HOMER1",
>> "HS3ST3A1",
>> > "HSP90B1", "HSPA5", "HSPB1", "HTRA1", "HYOU1", "ID1", "ID3",
>> "IFI16",
>> > "IFITM2", "IFITM3", "IGF2R", "IGFBP5", "IGFBP6", "IL13RA1",
>> "IL6ST",
>> > "INSIG1", "IQGAP2", "ITGA10", "ITGA4", "ITGAV", "ITGB1",
>> "ITM2B",
>> > "ITM2C", "ITPR1", "ITPRIPL2", "JAK1", "JAM3", "KANK2",
>> "KCNK2",
>> > "KCTD12", "KDELC2", "KDELR2", "KDELR3", "KDM5B", "KIAA1462",
>> "KIF13A",
>> > "KIRREL", "KLF10", "KLF4", "KLF6", "L3HYPDH", "LAMB1",
>> "LAMC1",
>> > "LAMP1", "LAPTM4A", "LASP1", "LATS2", "LEPROT", "LGALS1",
>> "LHFP",
>> > "LHX8", "LIFR", "LIPA", "LITAF", "LIX1L", "LMAN1", "LMNA",
>> "LOXL2",
>> > "LPP", "LRP10", "LRRC17", "LRRC8C", "LTBP1", "LUZP1", "MAGT1",
>> > "MAML2", "MAN2A1", "MANF", "MBD2", "MBNL1", "MBTPS1", "MEOX1",
>> > "MEOX2", "MEST", "MGAT2", "MGP", "MGST1", "MICAL2", "MMP2",
>> "MOB1A",
>> > "MRC2", "MXRA5", "MYADM", "MYDGF", "MYL12A", "MYL12B",
>> "MYLIP",
>> > "NANS", "NBR1", "NEK7", "NES", "NFIA", "NFIC", "NID1", "NID2",
>> > "NOTCH2", "NOTCH2NL", "NPC2", "NPTN", "NQO1", "NR3C1", "NRP1",
>> > "OGFRL1", "OLFML2A", "OLFML2B", "OLFML3", "OSTC", "P4HA1",
>> "PALLD",
>> > "PAPSS2", "PCDH18", "PCOLCE2", "PCSK5", "PDE3A", "PDE7B",
>> "PDGFC",
>> > "PDIA3", "PDIA4", "PDIA6", "PDLIM1", "PEA15", "PEAK1",
>> "PHLDA3",
>> > "PHLDB2", "PHTF2", "PIAS3", "PLAGL1", "PLEKHA2", "PLEKHH2",
>> "PLK2",
>> > "PLOD2", "PLOD3", "PLPP1", "PLS3", "PLSCR1", "PLSCR4",
>> "PLXDC2",
>> > "POLR2L", "PON2", "POSTN", "PPIB", "PPIC", "PPT1", "PRCP",
>> "PRDM6",
>> > "PRDX4", "PRDX6", "PROM1", "PRRX1", "PTBP1", "PTGER4",
>> "PTGFRN",
>> > "PTN", "PTPN14", "PTPRG", "PTPRK", "PTRF", "PXDC1", "PXDN",
>> "PYGL",
>> > "QKI", "QSOX1", "RAB13", "RAB29", "RAB31", "RAP1A", "RAP1B",
>> "RBMS1",
>> > "RCN1", "RECK", "REST", "RGL1", "RGS10", "RGS3", "RHOC",
>> "RHOJ",
>> > "RIN2", "RIT1", "RNFT1", "RNH1", "ROBO1", "ROR1", "RRBP1",
>> "S1PR3",
>> > "SASH1", "SCPEP1", "SCRG1", "SDC2", "SDC4", "SDCBP", "SDF4",
>> > "SEC14L1", "SEL1L3", "SEMA3C", "SEMA3F", "SEPT10", "SERPINE2",
>> > "SERPINH1", "SFT2D1", "SFT2D2", "SGK1", "SH3BGRL", "SHC1",
>> "SHROOM3",
>> > "SIX1", "SIX4", "SKIL", "SLC16A4", "SLC30A1", "SLC30A7",
>> "SLC35F5",
>> > "SLC38A2", "SLC38A6", "SLC39A14", "SMAD3", "SNAI2", "SNAP23",
>> > "SOSTDC1", "SOX9", "SPARC", "SPARCL1", "SPATA20", "SPCS3",
>> "SPRED1",
>> > "SPRY1", "SPRY4", "SPRY4-IT1", "SQSTM1", "SRPX", "SSBP4",
>> "SSR1",
>> > "SSR3", "STAT1", "STAT3", "STEAP1", "STK38L", "SUCLG2",
>> "SURF4",
>> "SVIL", "SYDE1", "SYNJ2", "SYPL1", "TCF7L2", "TFE3", "TFPI",
>> "TGFB1I1", "TGFBR2", "THBS1", "TIMP1")
>> > >
>> >
>> > The function now works, and returns a ">" symbol, indicating
>> that
>> the
>> > function completed successfully. The ls() function proves it:
>> >
>> > $ R
>> > > ls()
>> > [1] "MES"
>> >
>> > Is this a bug in the base R "c" function? It seems like the "c"
>> > function can only accept so many characters before it fails.
>> >
>> > Thank you for your time,
>> > core_contingency
>> >
>> >
>> > ______________________________________________
>> > R-help using r-project.org <mailto:R-help using r-project.org> mailing
>> list
>> -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> >
>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_mai
>> l
>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_ma
>> il>
>> >
>> man_listinfo_r-2Dhelp&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVeA
>> s
>> >
>> Rzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0C
>> D
>> > 2XzMc9x&s=x5SJbPFsoqRiJYh7Y5B0QDKio2Wy4Je38lBBi99AbAE&e=
>> > PLEASE do read the posting guide
>> >
>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.R-2Dproject.o
>> r
>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.R-2Dproject.
>> or>
>> >
>> g_posting-2Dguide.html&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVe
>> A
>> >
>> sRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k0
>> C
>> > D2XzMc9x&s=lCG5D1ItMs8G_wkshvm4nBaVq4Ehy_zyq5mnp2zpt2Y&e=
>> > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible
>> code.
>>
>> ______________________________________________
>> R-help using r-project.org <mailto:R-help using r-project.org> mailing list
>> --
>> To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_mai
>> lman_listinfo_r-2Dhelp&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kVe
>> AsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5k
>> 0CD2XzMc9x&s=x5SJbPFsoqRiJYh7Y5B0QDKio2Wy4Je38lBBi99AbAE&e=
>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__stat.ethz.ch_ma
>> ilman_listinfo_r-2Dhelp&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kV
>> eAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5
>> k0CD2XzMc9x&s=x5SJbPFsoqRiJYh7Y5B0QDKio2Wy4Je38lBBi99AbAE&e=>
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
>> https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.R-2Dproject.o
>> rg_posting-2Dguide.html&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2kV
>> eAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp5
>> k0CD2XzMc9x&s=lCG5D1ItMs8G_wkshvm4nBaVq4Ehy_zyq5mnp2zpt2Y&e=
>> <https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__www.R-2Dproject.
>> org_posting-2Dguide.html&d=DwIDaQ&c=sJ6xIWYx-zLMB3EPkvcnVg&r=9PEhQh2k
>> VeAsRzsn7AkP-g&m=bDsMNmn2OhMbQIvptul8Yl752vW7YkxJ0v91xFMGuYQo9NsNdzAp
>> 5k0CD2XzMc9x&s=lCG5D1ItMs8G_wkshvm4nBaVq4Ehy_zyq5mnp2zpt2Y&e=>
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>> ______________________________________________
>> R-help using r-project.org <mailto:R-help using r-project.org> mailing list
>> --
>> To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> <https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help>
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
>> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> <http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html>
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
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