Heinz, > x <- c("a","b","c") > lettersnum <- 1:length(letters[]) > names(lettersnum) <- letters[] > lettersnum[x] > > lettersnum[x] > a b c > 1 2 3 i'm not sure if the following is obviously better, but one might do ---- > b <- match(a, a) > names(b) <- a > b a b c 1 2 3 ---- cheers, Greg