[R] Statistical analysis of olive dataset

[Axel]

Hi to all the members of the list!

I am a novice as regards to statistical 
analysis and the use of the R software, so I am experimenting with the dataset 
"olive" included in the package "tourr".
This dataset contains the results of 
the determination of the fatty acids in 572 samples of olive oil from Italy 
(columns from 3 to 10) along with the area and the region of origin of the oil 
(respectively, column 1 and column 2).

The main goal of my analysis is to 
determine which are the fatty acids that characterize the origin of an oil. As 
a secondary goal, I wolud like to insert the results of the chemical analysis 
of an oil that I analyzed (I am a Chemistry student) in order to determine its 
region of production. I do not know if this last thing is possibile.

I am 
using R 3.2.4 on MacOS X El Capitan with the packages "tourr" and "psych" 
loaded.
Here are the commands I have used up to now:

olivenum <- olive[,c(3:
10)]
mean <- colMeans(olivenum)
sd <- sapply(olivenum,sd)
describeBy(olivenum,
olive[2])
pairs(olivenum)
R <- cor(olivenum)
eigen(R)
# Since the first three 
autovalues are greater than 1, these are the main components (column 1, 2 and 
3). But I can determine them also using a scree diagram as following. Right?

autoval <- eigen(R)$values
autovec <- eigen(R)$vectors
pvarsp <- autoval/ncol
(olivenum)
plot(autoval,type="b",main="Scree diagram",xlab="Number of 
components",ylab="Autovalues")
abline(h=1,lwd=3,col="red")

eigen (R)$vectors[,
1:3]
olive.scale <- scale(olivenum,T,T)
points <- olive.scale%*%autovec[,1:3]


#Since I selected three main components (three columns), how should I plot the 
dispersion graph? I do not think that what I have done is right:
plot(points,
main="Dispersion graph",xlab="Component 1",ylab="Component 2")
princomp
(olivenum,cor=T)
#With the following command I obtain a summary of the 
importance of components. For example, the variance of component 1 is about 
0,465, of component 2 is 0,220 and of component 3 is 0,127 with a cumulative 
variance of 0,812. This means that the values in the first three columns of the 
matrix "olivenum" mostly characterize the differences between the observations. 
Right?
summary(princomp(olivenum,cor=T))
screeplot(princomp(olivenum,cor=T))

plot(princomp(olivenum,cor=T)$scores,rownames(olivenum))
abline(h=0,v=0)

I 
determined that three components can explain a great part of variability but I 
don't know which are these components. How should I continue?

Thank you for

attention,
Axel