[R] BMA, logistic regression, odds ratio, model reduction etc

Frank Harrell f.harrell at vanderbilt.edu
Thu Apr 21 01:00:53 CEST 2011


I think it's OK.  You can also use the Hmisc package's varclus function.
Frank


細田弘吉 wrote:
> 
> Dear Prof. Harrel,
> 
> Thank you very much for your quick advice.
> I will try rms package.
> 
> Regarding model reduction, is my model 2 method (clustering and recoding 
> that are blinded to the outcome) permissible?
> 
> Sincerely,
> 
> --
> KH
> 
> (11/04/20 22:01), Frank Harrell wrote:
>> Deleting variables is a bad idea unless you make that a formal part of
>> the
>> BMA so that the attempt to delete variables is penalized for.  Instead of
>> BMA I recommend simple penalized maximum likelihood estimation (see the
>> lrm
>> function in the rms package) or pre-modeling data reduction that is
>> blinded
>> to the outcome variable.
>> Frank
>>
>>
>> 細田弘吉 wrote:
>>>
>>> Hi everybody,
>>> I apologize for long mail in advance.
>>>
>>> I have data of 104 patients, which consists of 15 explanatory variables
>>> and one binary outcome (poor/good). The outcome consists of 25 poor
>>> results and 79 good results. I tried to analyze the data with logistic
>>> regression. However, the 15 variables and 25 events means events per
>>> variable (EPV) is much less than 10 (rule of thumb). Therefore, I used R
>>> package, "BMA" to perform logistic regression with BMA to avoid this
>>> problem.
>>>
>>> model 1 (full model):
>>> x1, x2, x3, x4 are continuous variables and others are binary data.
>>>
>>>> x16.bic.glm<- bic.glm(outcome ~ ., data=x16.df,
>>> glm.family="binomial", OR20, strict=FALSE)
>>>> summary(x16.bic.glm)
>>> (The output below has been cut off at the right edge to save space)
>>>
>>>    62  models were selected
>>>   Best  5  models (cumulative posterior probability =  0.3606 ):
>>>
>>>                           p!=0    EV         SD        model 1    model2
>>> Intercept                100    -5.1348545  1.652424    -4.4688  -5.15
>>> -5.1536
>>> age                        3.3   0.0001634  0.007258      .
>>> sex                        4.0
>>>     .M                           -0.0243145  0.220314      .
>>> side                      10.8
>>>      .R                           0.0811227  0.301233      .
>>> procedure                 46.9  -0.5356894  0.685148      .      -1.163
>>> symptom                    3.8  -0.0099438  0.129690      .          .
>>> stenosis                   3.4  -0.0003343  0.005254      .
>>> x1                        3.7  -0.0061451  0.144084      .
>>> x2                       100.0   3.1707661  0.892034     3.2221     3.11
>>> x3                        51.3  -0.4577885  0.551466    -0.9154     .
>>> HT                         4.6
>>>    .positive                      0.0199299  0.161769      .          .
>>> DM                         3.3
>>>    .positive                     -0.0019986  0.105910      .          .
>>> IHD                        3.5
>>>     .positive                     0.0077626  0.122593      .          .
>>> smoking                    9.1
>>>         .positive                 0.0611779  0.258402      .          .
>>> hyperlipidemia            16.0
>>>                .positive          0.1784293  0.512058      .          .
>>> x4                         8.2   0.0607398  0.267501      .          .
>>>
>>>
>>> nVar                                                       2          2
>>>           1          3          3
>>> BIC                                                   -376.9082
>>> -376.5588  -376.3094  -375.8468  -374.5582
>>> post prob                                                0.104
>>> 0.087      0.077      0.061      0.032
>>>
>>> [Question 1]
>>> Is it O.K to calculate odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval from
>>> "EV" (posterior distribution mean) and“SD”(posterior distribution
>>> standard deviation)?
>>> For example, 95%CI of EV of x2 can be calculated as;
>>>> exp(3.1707661)
>>> [1] 23.82573     ----->  odds ratio
>>>> exp(3.1707661+1.96*0.892034)
>>> [1] 136.8866
>>>> exp(3.1707661-1.96*0.892034)
>>> [1] 4.146976
>>> ------------------>  95%CI (4.1 to 136.9)
>>> Is this O.K.?
>>>
>>> [Question 2]
>>> Is it permissible to delete variables with small value of "p!=0" and
>>> "EV", such as age (3.3% and 0.0001634) to reduce the number of
>>> explanatory variables and reconstruct new model without those variables
>>> for new session of BMA?
>>>
>>> model 2 (reduced model):
>>> I used R package, "pvclust", to reduce the model. The result suggested
>>> x1, x2 and x4 belonged to the same cluster, so I picked up only x2.
>>> Based on the subject knowledge, I made a simple unweighted sum, by
>>> counting the number of clinical features. For 9 features (sex, side,
>>> HT2, hyperlipidemia, DM, IHD, smoking, symptom, age), the sum ranges
>>> from 0 to 9. This score was defined as ClinicalScore. Consequently, I
>>> made up new data set (x6.df), which consists of 5 variables (stenosis,
>>> x2, x3, procedure, and ClinicalScore) and one binary outcome
>>> (poor/good). Then, for alternative BMA session...
>>>
>>>> BMAx6.glm<- bic.glm(postopDWI_HI ~ ., data=x6.df,
>>> glm.family="binomial", OR=20, strict=FALSE)
>>>> summary(BMAx6.glm)
>>> (The output below has been cut off at the right edge to save space)
>>> Call:
>>> bic.glm.formula(f = postopDWI_HI ~ ., data = x6.df, glm.family =
>>> "binomial",     strict = FALSE, OR = 20)
>>>
>>>
>>>    13  models were selected
>>>   Best  5  models (cumulative posterior probability =  0.7626 ):
>>>
>>>                  p!=0    EV         SD       model 1    model 2
>>> Intercept       100    -5.6918362  1.81220    -4.4688    -6.3166
>>> stenosis          8.1  -0.0008417  0.00815      .          .
>>> x2              100.0   3.0606165  0.87765     3.2221     3.1154
>>> x3               46.5  -0.3998864  0.52688    -0.9154      .
>>> procedure       49.3   0.5747013  0.70164      .         1.1631
>>> ClinicalScore   27.1   0.0966633  0.19645      .          .
>>>
>>>
>>> nVar                                             2          2          1
>>>           3          3
>>> BIC                                         -376.9082  -376.5588
>>> -376.3094  -375.8468  -375.5025
>>> post prob                                      0.208      0.175
>>> 0.154      0.122      0.103
>>>
>>> [Question 3]
>>> Am I doing it correctly or not?
>>> I mean this kind of model reduction is permissible for BMA?
>>>
>>> [Question 4]
>>> I still have 5 variables, which violates the rule of thumb, "EPV>  10".
>>> Is it permissible to delete "stenosis" variable because of small value
>>> of "EV"? Or is it O.K. because this is BMA?
>>>
>>> Sorry for long post.
>>>
>>> I appreciate your help very much in advance.
>>>
>>> --
>>> KH
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________
>>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list
>>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
>>> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
>>>
>>
>>
>> -----
>> Frank Harrell
>> Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University
>> --
>> View this message in context:
>> http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/BMA-logistic-regression-odds-ratio-model-reduction-etc-tp3462416p3462919.html
>> Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
>>
>> ______________________________________________
>> R-help at r-project.org mailing list
>> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
>> PLEASE do read the posting guide
>> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
>> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> 
> 
> -- 
> *************************************************
>  神戸大学大学院医学研究科 脳神経外科学分野
>  細田 弘吉
>  
>  〒650-0017 神戸市中央区楠町7丁目5-1
>      Phone: 078-382-5966
>      Fax  : 078-382-5979
>      E-mail address
>          Office: khosoda at med.kobe-u.ac.jp
> 	Home  : khosoda at venus.dti.ne.jp
> 
> ______________________________________________
> R-help at r-project.org mailing list
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help
> PLEASE do read the posting guide
> http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html
> and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.
> 


-----
Frank Harrell
Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University
--
View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/BMA-logistic-regression-odds-ratio-model-reduction-etc-tp3462416p3464392.html
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