Hi William, I'm curious about that you used d[] <- lapply(d, factor... Could you please tell me if there are any differences between d[] and d? Thank you. ----- A R learner. -- View this message in context: http://r.789695.n4.nabble.com/how-to-force-a-table-to-be-square-tp2298707p2298965.html Sent from the R help mailing list archive at Nabble.com.