#### iconv() behavior depending on Locales  LC_CTYPE  in Windows
#### =======                       ==============================
###
### In a *shell* in Windows (emacs), after doing R.home() in R, use that to do something like
###   c:/PROGRA~1/R/R-devel/bin/R CMD BATCH iconv-Windows.R
###   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^= === ===== ===============  ==> producing  iconv-Windows.Rout
###
sessionInfo() ## does not matter so much
## -- should be Windows to exhibit the problems

## From  help(iconv) 's  example : Using "latin1" European language letters:
x1 <- c("Ekstr\xf8m", "J\xf6reskog", "bi\xdfchen Z\xfcrcher")
Encoding(x1) <- "latin1"
xU <- iconv(x1, "latin1", "UTF-8")


## 2 locales that do not work well : ---------------------------------
Sys.setlocale("LC_CTYPE", "Chinese")

iconv(x1, "latin1", "") # NA NA NA
iconv(x1, "latin1", "//TRANSLIT") # perfect for Chinese
iconv(x1, "latin1", "", sub = "byte")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "") # NA NA NA
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "//TRANSLIT")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "", sub = "byte")
##--
Sys.setlocale("LC_CTYPE", "Arabic")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "")  # NA NA NA
iconv(x1, "latin1", "//TRANSLIT") # not bad, but not perfect
iconv(x1, "latin1", "", sub="byte")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "", sub="?")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "")  # NA NA NA
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "//TRANSLIT")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "", sub="byte")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "", sub="?")

## 2 locales that work well for these examples (no wonder) -----------

Sys.setlocale("LC_CTYPE", "German_Switzerland")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "//TRANSLIT")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "", sub="?")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "//TRANSLIT")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "", sub="?")
##--
Sys.setlocale("LC_CTYPE", "English")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "//TRANSLIT")
iconv(x1, "latin1", "", sub="?")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "//TRANSLIT")
iconv(xU, "UTF-8", "", sub="?")