[Rd] Fw: Calling a LAPACK subroutine from R

Göran Broström gor@n@bro@trom @end|ng |rom umu@@e
Wed Sep 11 22:07:54 CEST 2019 

Berend,

I do not think this works with gfortran 7+. I am calling the BLAS 
subroutine dgemv from Fortran code in my package eha, and the check 
(with R-devel) gives:

gmlfun.f:223:1: warning: type of ‘dgemv’ does not match original 
declaration [-Wlto-type-mismatch]
       &     score, ione)
  ^
/home/gobr0002/R/src/R-devel/include/R_ext/BLAS.h:107:1: note: type 
mismatch in parameter 12
  F77_NAME(dgemv)(const char *trans, const int *m, const int *n,

Type of a Fortran subroutine is matched against type of a C function?! 
My conclusion is that it is impossible to call a BLAS subroutine with a 
character parameter from Fortran code (nowadays). Calling from C code is 
fine, on the other hand(!).

I have recently asked about this on R-pkg-devel, but not received any 
useful answers, and my submission to CRAN is rejected. I solve it by 
making a personal copy of dgemv and changing the character parameter to 
integer, and adding Jack Dongarra, Jeremy Du Croz, Sven Hammarling, and 
Richard Hanson as authors of eha. And a Copyright note, all in the 
DESCRIPTION file. Ugly but what can I do (except rewriting the Fortran 
code in C with f2c)?

Göran

On 2019-09-11 21:38, Berend Hasselman wrote:
> 
> The Lapack library is loaded automatically by R itself when it needs it  for doing some calculation.
> You can force it to do that with a (dummy) solve for example.
> Put this at start of your script:
> 
> <code>
> # dummy code to get LAPACK library loaded
> X1 <- diag(2,2)
> x1 <- rep(2,2)
> # X1;x1
> z <- solve(X1,x1)
> </code>
> 
> followed by the rest of your script.
> You will get a warning (I do) that  "passing a character vector  to .Fortran is not portable".
> On other systems this may gave fatal errors. This is quick and very dirty. Don't do it.
> 
> I believe there is a better and much safer way to achieve what you want.
> Here goes.
> 
> Create a folder (directory) src in the directory where your script resides.
> Create a wrapper for "dpbtrf" file in a file xdpbtrf.f that takes an integer instead of character
> 
> <xdpbtrf.f>
> c intermediate for dpbtrf
> 
>        SUBROUTINE xDPBTRF( kUPLO, N, KD, AB, LDAB, INFO )
> 
> c      .. Scalar Arguments ..
>        integer         kUPLO
>        INTEGER         INFO, KD, LDAB, N
> 
> c  .. Array Arguments ..
>        DOUBLE PRECISION   AB( LDAB, * )
> 
>        character UPLO
> c     convert integer argument to character
>        if(kUPLO .eq. 1 ) then
>            UPLO = 'L'
>        else
>            UPLO = 'U'
>        endif
> 
>        call dpbtrf(UPLO,N,KD,AB,LDAB,INFO)
>        return
>        end
> </xdpbtrf.f>
> 
> 
> Instead of a character argument UPLO it takes an integer argument kUPLO.
> The meaning should be obvious from the code.
> 
> Now create a shell script in the folder of your script to generate a dynamic library to be loaded in your script:
> 
> <mkso.sh>
> # Build a binary dynamic library for accessing Lapack dpbtrf
> 
> # syntax checking
>   
> SONAME=xdpbtrf.so
> 
> echo Strict syntax checking
> echo ----------------------
> gfortran -c -fsyntax-only -fimplicit-none -Wall src/*.f || exit 1
> 
> LAPACK=$(R CMD config LAPACK_LIBS)
> R CMD SHLIB --output=${SONAME} src/*.f ${LAPACK} || exit 1
> </mkso.sh>
> 
> To load the dynamic library xdpbtrf.so  change your script into this
> 
> <yourscript>
> dyn.load("xdpbtrf.so")
> n <- 4L
> phi <- 0.64
> AB <- matrix(0, 2, n)
> AB[1, ] <- c(1, rep(1 + phi^2, n-2), 1)
> AB[2, -n] <- -phi
> round(AB, 3)
> 
> AB.ch <- .Fortran("xdpbtrf", kUPLO=1L, N = as.integer(n),
>                              KD = 1L, AB = AB, LDAB = 2L, INFO = as.integer(0))$AB
> AB.ch
> 
> </yourscript>
> 
> and you are good to go.
> 
> You should always do something  as described above when you need to pass character arguments to Fortran code.
> 
> All of this was tested and run on macOS using the CRAN version of R.
> 
> Berend Hasselman
> 
>> On 11 Sep 2019, at 15:47, Giovanni Petris <gpetris using uark.edu> wrote:
>>
>> Sorry for cross-posting, but I realized my question might be more appropriate for r-devel...
>>
>> Thank you,
>> Giovanni
>>
>> ________________________________________
>> From: R-help <r-help-bounces using r-project.org> on behalf of Giovanni Petris <gpetris using uark.edu>
>> Sent: Tuesday, September 10, 2019 16:44
>> To: r-help using r-project.org
>> Subject: [R] Calling a LAPACK subroutine from R
>>
>> Hello R-helpers!
>>
>> I am trying to call a LAPACK subroutine directly from my R code using .Fortran(), but R cannot find the symbol name. How can I register/load the appropriate library?
>>
>>> ### AR(1) Precision matrix
>>> n <- 4L
>>> phi <- 0.64
>>> AB <- matrix(0, 2, n)
>>> AB[1, ] <- c(1, rep(1 + phi^2, n-2), 1)
>>> AB[2, -n] <- -phi
>>> round(AB, 3)
>>       [,1]  [,2]  [,3] [,4]
>> [1,]  1.00  1.41  1.41    1
>> [2,] -0.64 -0.64 -0.64    0
>>>
>>> ### Cholesky factor
>>> AB.ch <- .Fortran("dpbtrf", UPLO = 'L', N = as.integer(n),
>> +                  KD = 1L, AB = AB, LDAB = 2L, INFO = as.integer(0))$AB
>> Error in .Fortran("dpbtrf", UPLO = "L", N = as.integer(n), KD = 1L, AB = AB,  :
>>   Fortran symbol name "dpbtrf" not in load table
>>> sessionInfo()
>> R version 3.6.0 (2019-04-26)
>> Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin18.5.0 (64-bit)
>> Running under: macOS Mojave 10.14.6
>>
>> Matrix products: default
>> BLAS/LAPACK: /usr/local/Cellar/openblas/0.3.6_1/lib/libopenblasp-r0.3.6.dylib
>>
>> locale:
>> [1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
>>
>> attached base packages:
>> [1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base
>>
>> loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
>> [1] compiler_3.6.0 tools_3.6.0
>>
>> Thank you in advance for your help!
>>
>> Best,
>> Giovanni Petris
>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> Giovanni Petris, PhD
>> Professor
>> Director of Statistics
>> Department of Mathematical Sciences
>> University of Arkansas - Fayetteville, AR 72701
>>
>>
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