[Rd] Proper way to define cbind, rbind for s4 classes in package

Mario Annau mario.annau at gmail.com
Sat Feb 21 08:56:59 CET 2015


Thank you very much for your effort! I can confirm that *bind S4 method
dispatching now works for my use cases as expected (tested using r67856).
Cheers,
mario

Am 20/02/15 um 12:40 schrieb Martin Maechler:
>>>>>> Mario Annau <mario.annau at gmail.com>
>>>>>>     on Wed, 11 Feb 2015 20:18:53 +0100 writes:
> 
>     > sorry - I just got irritated by my different R-versions.
>     > The behaviour I described in the previous mail was discovered using R
>     > 3.1.2 without bind_activation(TRUE). In r67773 all calls are delegated
>     > to r/cbind.matrix and not r/cbind2.
>     > As a workaround I have now implemented an S3 method for my S4 class
>     > which correctly dispatches for both versions (3.1.2 and r67699+) - see
>     > also the commit for the h5 package on github:
>     > https://github.com/mannau/h5/commit/20daea37ade1a317458c8a1d03928f579e457f93.
>     > Any better ideas are welcome.
> 
> and in the mean time there have been a few off-list e-mails,
> 
> {"No, using an S3 method was definitely not the idea of
>   Michael's changes!" .. }
> 
> and many hours of work by me.
> R-devel svn rev 67852 and later now has  cbind() / rbind()
> working in a better way, dipatching to either cbind2(), rbind2()
> S4 methods for "your" classes, or to S4 rbind() or cbind()
> methods for your classes.
> 
> Notably the new code now should create column / rownames
> analogously to base::cbind / rbind, influenced by deparse.level
> in the case of non-matrix arguments.
> 
> Small changes in some outputs may occur, notably as the hidden 
> methods:::cbind and rbind functions (think of "S4 default method")
> now do obey deparse.level and also otherwise should create row
> and column names in the same way as base::[cr]bind().
> 
> Martin Maechler
> ETH Zurich and R Core Team
> 
>     > br,
>     > mario
> 
> 
>     > Am 09/02/15 um 23:38 schrieb Michael Lawrence:
>     >> Are you able to create a reproducible example, somehow?
>     >> 
>     >> Thanks,
>     >> Michael
>     >> 
>     >> On Mon, Feb 9, 2015 at 2:28 PM, Mario Annau <mario.annau at gmail.com
>     >> <mailto:mario.annau at gmail.com>> wrote:
>     >> 
>     >> Hi Michael,
>     >> I've tested your change in r67699 (using r67773) and the function now
>     >> correctly dispatches to r/cbind2 within the R-session without
>     >> bind_activation(TRUE). However, running unit tests using R CMD check I
>     >> figured out that the same function call delegates to r/cbind.matrix
>     >> (function uses S4 class as first- and matrix as second argument). Is
>     >> this a bug and/or how can I get function dispatch right (to r/cbind2)
>     >> for my test cases?
>     >> best,
>     >> mario
>     >> 
>     >> 
>     >> Am 02/02/15 um 12:32 schrieb Martin Maechler:
>     >> >>>>>> Michael Lawrence <lawrence.michael at gene.com
>     >> <mailto:lawrence.michael at gene.com>>
>     >> >>>>>>     on Sun, 1 Feb 2015 19:23:06 -0800 writes:
>     >> >
>     >> >     > I've implemented the proposed changes in
>     >> >     > R-devel. Minimally tested, so please try it. It should
>     >> >     > delegate to r/cbind2 when there is at least one S4
>     >> >     > argument and S3 dispatch fails (so you'll probably want to
>     >> >     > add an S3 method for your class to introduce a conflict,
>     >> >     > otherwise it will dispatch to cbind.data.frame if one of
>     >> >     > the args is a data.frame). There may no longer be a need
>     >> >     > for cBind() and rBind().
>     >> >
>     >> >     > Michael
>     >> >
>     >> > This sounds great!   Thank you very much, Michael!
>     >> > :-) :-)
>     >> >
>     >> > ... but .... :-(  experiments with the Matrix package (and R
>     >> > devel with your change), show a remaining buglet with treating of
>     >> dimnames :
>     >> >
>     >> >    > M1 <- Matrix(m1 <- matrix(1:12, 3,4))
>     >> >    > cbind(m1, MM = -1)
>     >> >                MM
>     >> >    [1,] 1 4 7 10 -1
>     >> >    [2,] 2 5 8 11 -1
>     >> >    [3,] 3 6 9 12 -1
>     >> >    > cbind(M1, MM = -1)   ## ---- notice the "..."
>     >> >    3 x 5 Matrix of class "dgeMatrix"
>     >> >                ...
>     >> >    [1,] 1 4 7 10  -1
>     >> >    [2,] 2 5 8 11  -1
>     >> >    [3,] 3 6 9 12  -1
>     >> >    > rbind(R1 = 10:11, m1)
>     >> >       [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
>     >> >    R1   10   11   10   11
>     >> >        1    4    7   10
>     >> >        2    5    8   11
>     >> >        3    6    9   12
>     >> >    > rbind(R1 = 10:11, M1) ## --- notice the 'deparse.level'
>     >> >    4 x 4 Matrix of class "dgeMatrix"
>     >> >                [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
>     >> >    deparse.level   10   11   10   11
>     >> >                   1    4    7   10
>     >> >                   2    5    8   11
>     >> >                   3    6    9   12
>     >> >    >
>     >> >
>     >> > Also, it seems you are not observing the 'deparse.level'
>     >> > argument at all:
>     >> > Looking at the last three lines of the example in  ?cbind,
>     >> >
>     >> >      rbind(1:4, c = 2, "a++" = 10, dd, deparse.level = 0) # middle
>     >> 2 rownames
>     >> >      rbind(1:4, c = 2, "a++" = 10, dd, deparse.level = 1) # 3
>     >> rownames (default)
>     >> >      rbind(1:4, c = 2, "a++" = 10, dd, deparse.level = 2) # 4 rownames
>     >> >
>     >> > but using a Matrix matrix 'dd', we see that (row)names
>     >> > construction needs to amended:
>     >> >
>     >> >   > (dd <- Matrix(rbind(c(0:1,0,0))))
>     >> >   1 x 4 sparse Matrix of class "dgCMatrix"
>     >> >
>     >> >   [1,] . 1 . .
>     >> >
>     >> >   > rbind(1:4, c = 2, "a++" = 10, dd, deparse.level = 0) # middle
>     >> 2 rownames
>     >> >   4 x 4 sparse Matrix of class "dgCMatrix"
>     >> >
>     >> >   deparse.level  1  2  3  4
>     >> >   c              2  2  2  2
>     >> >   a++           10 10 10 10
>     >> >                .  1  .  .
>     >> >   > rbind(1:4, c = 2, "a++" = 10, dd, deparse.level = 1) # 3
>     >> rownames (default)
>     >> >   4 x 4 sparse Matrix of class "dgCMatrix"
>     >> >
>     >> >   deparse.level  1  2  3  4
>     >> >   c              2  2  2  2
>     >> >   a++           10 10 10 10
>     >> >                .  1  .  .
>     >> >   > rbind(1:4, c = 2, "a++" = 10, dd, deparse.level = 2) # 4 rownames
>     >> >   4 x 4 sparse Matrix of class "dgCMatrix"
>     >> >
>     >> >   deparse.level  1  2  3  4
>     >> >   c              2  2  2  2
>     >> >   a++           10 10 10 10
>     >> >                .  1  .  .
>     >> >   >
>     >> >
>     >> >
>     >> >
>     >> >     > On Mon, Jan 26, 2015 at 3:55 AM, Martin Maechler <
>     >> >     > maechler at lynne.stat.math.ethz.ch
>     >> <mailto:maechler at lynne.stat.math.ethz.ch>> wrote:
>     >> >
>     >> >     >> >>>>> Michael Lawrence <lawrence.michael at gene.com
>     >> <mailto:lawrence.michael at gene.com>> >>>>>
>     >> >     >> on Sat, 24 Jan 2015 06:39:37 -0800 writes:
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > On Sat, Jan 24, 2015 at 12:58 AM, Mario Annau >
>     >> >     >> <mario.annau at gmail.com <mailto:mario.annau at gmail.com>>
>     >> wrote: >> Hi all, this question
>     >> >     >> has already been posted on >> stackoverflow, however
>     >> >     >> without success, see also
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >>
>     >> http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27886535/proper-way-to-use-cbind-rbind-with-s4-classes-in-package
>     >> >     >> .
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> I have written a package using S4 classes and would
>     >> >     >> like >> to use the functions rbind, cbind with these
>     >> >     >> defined >> classes.
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> Since it does not seem to be possible to define rbind
>     >> >     >> and >> cbind directly as S4 methods (see ?cBind) I
>     >> >     >> defined >> rbind2 and cbind2 instead:
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > This needs some clarification. It certainly is possible
>     >> >     >> to > define cbind and rbind methods. The BiocGenerics
>     >> >     >> package > defines generics for those and many methods are
>     >> >     >> defined by > e.g. S4Vectors, IRanges, etc.  The issue is
>     >> >     >> that dispatch > on "..." is singular, i.e., you can only
>     >> >     >> specify one class > that all args in "..." must share
>     >> >     >> (potentially through > inheritance).
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > Thus, trying to combine objects from a > different
>     >> >     >> hierarchy (or non-S4 objects) will not > work.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> Yes, indeed, that's the drawback
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> I've been there almost surely before everyone else, with
>     >> >     >> the Matrix package...  and I have been the author of
>     >> >     >> cbind2(), rbind2(), and of course, of cBind(), and
>     >> >     >> rBind().
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> At the time when I introduced these, the above
>     >> >     >> possibility of writing S4 methods for '...'  where not
>     >> >     >> yet part of R.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > This has not been a huge problem for us in >
>     >> >     >> practice. For example, we have a DataFrame object that >
>     >> >     >> mimics data.frame. To cbind a data.frame with a
>     >> >     >> DataFrame, > the user can just call the DataFrame() >
>     >> >     >> constructor. rbind() between different data structures is
>     >> >     >> > much less common.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> well... yes and no.  Think of using the Matrix package,
>     >> >     >> maybe with another package that defines another
>     >> >     >> generalized matrix class...  It would be nice if things
>     >> >     >> worked automatically / perfectly there.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > The cBind and rBind functions in Matrix (and the
>     >> >     >> r/cbind > that get installed by bind_activation, the code
>     >> >     >> is shared) > work by recursing, dropping the first
>     >> >     >> argument until two > are left, and then combining with
>     >> >     >> r/cbind2(). The Biobase > package uses a similar strategy
>     >> >     >> to mimic c() via its > non-standard combine()
>     >> >     >> generic. The nice thing about the > combine() approach is
>     >> >     >> the user entry point and the generic > are the same,
>     >> >     >> instead of having methods on rbind2() and > the user
>     >> >     >> calling rBind().
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > I would argue that bind_activation(TRUE) should be >
>     >> >     >> discouraged,
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> Yes, you are right Michael; it should be discouraged at
>     >> >     >> least to be run in a *package*.  One could think of its
>     >> >     >> use by an explicit user call.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > because it replaces the native rbind and > cbind with
>     >> >     >> recursive variants that are going to cause > problems,
>     >> >     >> performance and otherwise. This is why it is >
>     >> >     >> hidden. Perhaps a reasonable compromise would be for the
>     >> >     >> > native cbind and rbind to check whether any arguments
>     >> >     >> are > S4 and if so, resort to recursion. Recursion does
>     >> >     >> seem to > be a clean way to implement "type promotion",
>     >> >     >> i.e., to > answer the question "which type should the
>     >> >     >> result be when > faced with mixed-type args?".
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> Exactly.  That has been my idea at the time ..  ((yes,
>     >> >     >> I'm also the author of the bind_activation()
>     >> >     >> "(mis)functionality".))
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > Hopefully others have better ideas.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> that would be great.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> And even if not, it would be great if we could implement
>     >> >     >> your idea > Perhaps a reasonable compromise would be for
>     >> >     >> the > native cbind and rbind to check whether any
>     >> >     >> arguments are > S4 and if so, resort to recursion.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> without a noticable performance penalty in the case of no
>     >> >     >> S4 arguments.
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> Martin
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > Michael
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> >> setMethod("rbind2", signature(x="ClassA", y = "ANY"),
>     >> >     >> >> function(x, y) { # Do stuff ...  })
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> setMethod("cbind2", signature(x="ClassA", y = "ANY"),
>     >> >     >> >> function(x, y) { # Do stuff ...  })
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> >From ?cbind2 I learned that these functions need to
>     >> >     >> be >> activated using methods:::bind_activation to
>     >> >     >> replace >> rbind and cbind from base.
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> I included the call in the package file R/zzz.R using
>     >> >     >> the >> .onLoad function:
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> .onLoad <- function(...) { # Bind activation of
>     >> >     >> cbind(2) >> and rbind(2) for S4 classes >>
>     >> >     >> methods:::bind_activation(TRUE) } This works as >>
>     >> >     >> expected. However, running R CMD check I am now getting
>     >> >     >> >> the following NOTE since I am using an unexported >>
>     >> >     >> function in methods:
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> * checking dependencies in R code ... NOTE Unexported
>     >> >     >> >> object imported by a ':::' call: >>
>     >> >     >> 'methods:::bind_activation' See the note in ?`:::` about
>     >> >     >> >> the use of this operator.  How can I get rid of the
>     >> >     >> NOTE >> and what is the proper way to define the methods
>     >> >     >> cbind >> and rbind for S4 classes in a package?
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> Best, mario
>     >> >     >> >>
>     >> >     >> >> ______________________________________________ >>
>     >> >     >> R-devel at r-project.org <mailto:R-devel at r-project.org>
>     >> mailing list >>
>     >> >     >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >     >> > ______________________________________________ >
>     >> >     >> R-devel at r-project.org <mailto:R-devel at r-project.org>
>     >> mailing list >
>     >> >     >> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-devel
>     >> >     >>
>     >> >
>     >> 
>     >> 
>



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