[Rd] Environment with no parent?

[Duncan Murdoch]

Is it possible to create an environment that has no parent (or an
empty parent)?  I would have thought

 e <- new.env(parent=NULL)

would work, but it acts as though the parent is the base namespace:

> get("close", envir = e)
function (con, ...) 
UseMethod("close")
<environment: namespace:base>

I can use inherits = FALSE in this case:

> get("close", envir = e, inherits = F)
Error in get(x, envir, mode, inherits) : variable "close" was not
found

but what I want to do is to create my own hierarchy of environments
that allow inheritance from their parents, but which stop when they
get to e, and don't continue on into base.  For example

> assign('x', 1, envir = e)
> 
> f <- new.env(parent = e)
> assign('y', 2, envir = f)
> 
>#  The first two of these work as desired, but I'd like a "not found" error from the last:
>
> get('y', envir=f)
[1] 2
> get('x', envir=f)
[1] 1
> get('close', envir=f)
function (con, ...) 
UseMethod("close")
<environment: namespace:base>

Looking in envir.c, I see this:

    /* env is now R_NilValue, the base environment */

which doesn't give me much hope, but maybe there's a trick....

If not, would it be reasonable to install a magic "EmptyEnv" to use as
a parent in this sort of situation?

Duncan Murdoch