Paren {base} R Documentation

## Parentheses and Braces

### Description

Open parenthesis, `(`, and open brace, `{`, are `.Primitive` functions in R.

Effectively, `(` is semantically equivalent to the identity `function(x) x`, whereas `{` is slightly more interesting, see examples.

### Usage

```( \dots )

{ \dots }
```

### Value

For `(`, the result of evaluating the argument. This has visibility set, so will auto-print if used at top-level.

For `{`, the result of the last expression evaluated. This has the visibility of the last evaluation.

### References

Becker, R. A., Chambers, J. M. and Wilks, A. R. (1988) The New S Language. Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole.

`if`, `return`, etc for other objects used in the R language itself.

`Syntax` for operator precedence.

### Examples

```f <- get("(")
e <- expression(3 + 2 * 4)
identical(f(e), e)

do <- get("{")
do(x <- 3, y <- 2*x-3, 6-x-y); x; y

## note the differences
(2+3)
{2+3; 4+5}
(invisible(2+3))
{invisible(2+3)}
```

[Package base version 3.5.0 Index]