Michelson Speed of Light Data

Description

A classical data of Michelson (but not this one with Morley) on measurements done in 1879 on the speed of light. The data consists of five experiments, each consisting of 20 consecutive ‘runs’. The response is the speed of light measurement, suitably coded (km/sec, with 299000 subtracted).

Usage

morley

Format

A data frame with 100 observations on the following 3 variables.

Expt

The experiment number, from 1 to 5.

Run

The run number within each experiment.

Speed

Speed-of-light measurement.

Details

The data is here viewed as a randomized block experiment with ‘experiment’ and ‘run’ as the factors. ‘run’ may also be considered a quantitative variate to account for linear (or polynomial) changes in the measurement over the course of a single experiment.

Note

This is the same dataset as michelson in package MASS.

Source

A. J. Weekes (1986) A Genstat Primer. London: Edward Arnold.

⁠Michelson AA (1882). “Experimental Determination of the Velocity of Light Made at the U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis.” Astronomical Papers, 1, 109–145. Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System, https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1882USNAO...1..109M.
(See Table 24.)

⁠Stigler SM (1977). “Do Robust Estimators Work with Real Data?” The Annals of Statistics, 5(6), 1055–1098. doi:10.1214/aos/1176343997.
(See Table 6.)

Examples

require(stats); require(graphics)
michelson <- transform(morley,
                       Expt = factor(Expt), Run = factor(Run))
xtabs(~ Expt + Run, data = michelson)  # 5 x 20 balanced (two-way)
plot(Speed ~ Expt, data = michelson,
     main = "Speed of Light Data", xlab = "Experiment No.")
fm <- aov(Speed ~ Run + Expt, data = michelson)
summary(fm)
fm0 <- update(fm, . ~ . - Run)
anova(fm0, fm)