Simple radiocarbon calibration and chronological analysis. This
package allows the calibration of radiocarbon ages and modern carbon
fraction (F14C) values using multiple calibration curves. It
allows the calculation of highest density region intervals and credible
intervals. The package also provides tools for visualising results and
estimating statistical summaries.
This package provides translations of user-facing communications,
like messages, warnings and errors, and graphical elements (axis
labels). The preferred language is by default taken from the locale.
This can be overridden by setting of the environment variable
LANGUAGE
(you only need to do this once per session):
Albarède, F., A.-M. Desaulty, and J. Blichert-Toft. 2012. “A Geological
Perspective on the Use of Pb Isotopes in Archaeometry.”
Archaeometry 54 (5): 853–67.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2011.00653.x.
Albarède, F., and M. Juteau. 1984. “Unscrambling the Lead Model Ages.”
Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 48 (1): 207–12.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(84)90364-8.
Allègre, Claude. 2005. Géologie isotopique. Belin sup. Paris:
Belin.
Boers, Niklas, Bedartha Goswami, and Michael Ghil. 2017. “A Complete
Representation of Uncertainties in Layer-Counted Paleoclimatic
Archives.”
Climate of the Past 13 (9): 1169–80.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1169-2017.
Bronk Ramsey, C. 2008. “Radiocarbon Dating: Revolutions in
Understanding.”
Archaeometry 50 (2): 249–75.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2008.00394.x.
Carleton, W. Christopher. 2021. “Evaluating Bayesian Radiocarbon‐dated
Event Count (REC) Models for the Study of Long‐term Human and
Environmental Processes.”
Journal of Quaternary Science 36 (1):
110–23.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3256.
Heaton, Timothy J, Peter Köhler, Martin Butzin, Edouard Bard, Ron W
Reimer, William E N Austin, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, et al. 2020.
“Marine20 The Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55,000 Cal
BP).”
Radiocarbon 62 (4): 779–820.
https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.68.
Hogg, Alan G, Timothy J Heaton, Quan Hua, Jonathan G Palmer, Chris SM
Turney, John Southon, Alex Bayliss, et al. 2020. “SHCal20 Southern
Hemisphere Calibration, 0–55,000 Years Cal BP.”
Radiocarbon 62
(4): 759–78.
https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.59.
Hogg, Alan G, Quan Hua, Paul G Blackwell, Mu Niu, Caitlin E Buck, Thomas
P Guilderson, Timothy J Heaton, et al. 2013. “SHCal13 Southern
Hemisphere Calibration, 0–50,000 Years Cal BP.”
Radiocarbon 55
(4): 1889–1903.
https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16783.
Hua, Quan, and Mike Barbetti. 2004. “Review of Tropospheric Bomb 14C
Data for Carbon Cycle Modeling and Age Calibration Purposes.”
Radiocarbon 46 (3): 1273–98.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200033142.
Hua, Quan, Mike Barbetti, and Andrzej Z Rakowski. 2013. “Atmospheric
Radiocarbon for the Period 1950–2010.”
Radiocarbon 55 (4):
2059–72.
https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.v55i2.16177.
Hua, Quan, Jocelyn C Turnbull, Guaciara M Santos, Andrzej Z Rakowski,
Santiago Ancapichún, Ricardo De Pol-Holz, Samuel Hammer, et al. 2022.
“Atmospheric Radiocarbon for the Period 1950–2019.”
Radiocarbon
64 (4): 723–45.
https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2021.95.
Hughen, K., S. Lehman, J. Southon, J. Overpeck, O. Marchal, C. Herring,
and J. Turnbull. 2004. “14C Activity and Global Carbon Cycle Changes
over the Past 50,000 Years.”
Science 303 (5655): 202–7.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1090300.
Hughen, Konrad A, Mike G L Baillie, Edouard Bard, J Warren Beck, Chanda
J H Bertrand, Paul G Blackwell, Caitlin E Buck, et al. 2004. “Marine04
Marine Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 0–26 Cal Kyr BP.”
Radiocarbon 46 (3): 1059–86.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200033002.
Hyndman, Rob J. 1996. “Computing and Graphing Highest Density Regions.”
The American Statistician 50 (2): 120.
https://doi.org/10.2307/2684423.
Kueppers, Lara M., John Southon, Paul Baer, and John Harte. 2004. “Dead
Wood Biomass and Turnover Time, Measured by Radiocarbon, Along a
Subalpine Elevation Gradient.”
Oecologia 141 (4): 641–51.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1689-x.
McCormac, F G, A G Hogg, P G Blackwell, C E Buck, T F G Higham, and P J
Reimer. 2004. “Shcal04 Southern Hemisphere Calibration, 0–11.0 Cal Kyr
BP.”
Radiocarbon 46 (3): 1087–92.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200033014.
Millard, Andrew R. 2014. “Conventions for Reporting Radiocarbon
Determinations.”
Radiocarbon 56 (2): 555–59.
https://doi.org/10.2458/56.17455.
Plicht, J van der, and A Hogg. 2006. “A Note on Reporting Radiocarbon.”
Quaternary Geochronology 1 (4): 237–40.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2006.07.001.
Reimer, P J, M G L Baillie, E Bard, A Bayliss, J W Beck, P G Blackwell,
C Bronk Ramsey, et al. 2009. “IntCal09 and Marine09 Radiocarbon Age
Calibration Curves, 0–50,000 Years Cal BP.”
Radiocarbon 51 (4):
1111–50.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200034202.
Reimer, Paula J, William E N Austin, Edouard Bard, Alex Bayliss, Paul G
Blackwell, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Martin Butzin, et al. 2020. “The
IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 Cal
kBP).”
Radiocarbon 62 (4): 725–57.
https://doi.org/10.1017/RDC.2020.41.
Reimer, Paula J, Mike G L Baillie, Edouard Bard, Alex Bayliss, J Warren
Beck, Chanda J H Bertrand, Paul G Blackwell, et al. 2004. “Intcal04
Terrestrial Radiocarbon Age Calibration, 0–26 Cal Kyr BP.”
Radiocarbon 46 (3): 1029–58.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200032999.
Reimer, Paula J, Edouard Bard, Alex Bayliss, J Warren Beck, Paul G
Blackwell, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Caitlin E Buck, et al. 2013.
“IntCal13 and Marine13 Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curves 0–50,000 Years
Cal BP.”
Radiocarbon 55 (4): 1869–87.
https://doi.org/10.2458/azu_js_rc.55.16947.
Stuiver, Minze, and Henry A. Polach. 1977. “Discussion Reporting of 14C
Data.”
Radiocarbon 19 (3): 355–63.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200003672.
Stuiver, Minze, Paula J. Reimer, Edouard Bard, J. Warren Beck, G. S.
Burr, Konrad A. Hughen, Bernd Kromer, Gerry McCormac, Johannes van der
Plicht, and Marco Spurk. 1998. “INTCAL98 Radiocarbon Age Calibration,
24,000–0 Cal BP.”
Radiocarbon 40 (3): 1041–83.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200019123.
Stuiver, Minze, Paula J. Reimer, and Thomas F. Braziunas. 1998.
“High-Precision Radiocarbon Age Calibration for Terrestrial and Marine
Samples.”
Radiocarbon 40 (3): 1127–51.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200019172.
Ward, G. K., and S. R. Wilson. 1978. “Procedures for Comparing and
Combining Radiocarbon Age Determinations: A Critique.”
Archaeometry 20 (1): 19–31.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.1978.tb00208.x.